善用数字化转型：2025年亚洲发展政策报告

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANKMAY 2025HARNESSING DIGITALTRANSFORMATION FOR GOODASIAN DEVELOPMENT POLICY REPORT Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO)© 2025 Asian Development Bank6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, PhilippinesTel +63 2 8632 4444; Fax +63 2 8636 2444Some rights reserved. Published in 2025.ISBN 978-92-9277-302-1 (print); 978-92-9277-303-8 (PDF); 978-92-9277-304-5 (ebook)Publication Stock No. SGP250163-3DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/SGP250163-3The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policiesof the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent.ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for anyconsequence of their use. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that theyare endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, ADB does notintend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.This publication is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/. By using the content of this publication, you agree to be boundby the terms of this license. For attribution, translations, adaptations, and permissions, please read the provisionsand terms of use at https://www.adb.org/terms-use#openaccess.This CC license does not apply to non-ADB copyright materials in this publication. If the material is attributedto another source, please contact the copyright owner or publisher of that source for permission to reproduce it.ADB cannot be held liable for any claims that arise as a result of your use of the material.Please contact pubsmarketing@adb.org if you have questions or comments with respect to content, or if you wishto obtain copyright permission for your intended use that does not fall within these terms, or for permission to useCorrigenda to ADB publications may be found at http://www.adb.org/publications/corrigenda.In this publication, “$” refers to United States dollars.ADB recognizes "China" as the People's Republic of China, "Korea" as the Republic of Korea, and "Kyrgyzstan" as theADB placed its regular assistance to Afghanistan on hold effective 15 August 2021.Effective 1 February 2021, ADB placed a temporary hold on sovereign project disbursements and new contractsThe maps in this publication were produced by the cartography unit of the ADB. The boundaries, colors,denominations, and any other information shown on the maps in this publication do not imply, on the part of ADB,any judgment on the legal status of any territory, or any other endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries, colors,denominations, or information.Cover design by Erickson Mercado.Printed on recycled paper www.adb.orgthe ADB logo.Notes:Kyrgyz Republic.in Myanmar. Tables, Figures, and BoxesForewordAcknowledgmentsAbbreviationsDefinitions and AssumptionsHighlights1Digital Technologies as Tools to Promote Inclusion and Sustainability1.1Asia and the Pacific Faces Challenges to Combat Inequality and Vulnerability to Natural Hazards11.2Digital Technologies Can Help Propel Inclusive and Sustainable Development1.3Interventions Are Needed to Manage Challenges of Digital Transformation2Digital Transformation and Policy Challenges in Asia and the Pacific2.1Digital Transformation in Developing Asia2.2Policy Interventions Are Needed to Drive Digital Transformation for Good3Impacts of Digital Transformation on Inclusion3.1Opportunities to Promote Inclusion3.2Challenges to Inclusion3.3Inclusion-Aligned Digital Policies4Impacts of Digital Transformation on Sustainability4.1Opportunities to Promote Environmental Sustainability4.2Challenges to Sustainability4.3Sustainability-Aligned Digital Policies5Policies to Harness Digital Transformation for Inclusive and Sustainable Development5.1National Digital Strategies for Policy Alignment5.2Tailored Inclusion- and Sustainability-Aligned Digital Policies5.3Engaging a Broad Range of StakeholdersBackground PapersBackground NotesReferences ivviviiixxixii169151523282838505858656873737682868889 2.1Progress of Digitalization, Inclusive Growth, and Sustainability—Developing Asia,24Selected Economies3.1Examples of Incentives to Promote Inclusion in Developing Asia545.1Policy Priorities Based on Digitalization-Inclusion and Sustainability Profiles775.2Examples of Stakeholder Actions in an Integrated Digital Policy Package78FIGURES1.1Weighted Average Gini Coefficient—Developing Asia21.2Projected Median Number of Days Above 35°C Annually, 2000–2100—Developing Asia3by Subregion1.3Ecosystem of Digital Technologies41.4Digital Technologies Promote Inclusive and Sustainable Development Through Five Channels71.5D