2024综合消防管理自愿指南报告（英）

ISSN2664-1062 Integratedfiremanagementvoluntaryguidelines Principlesandstrategicactions-Secondedition FORESTRYWORKINGPAPER 41 Integratedfiremanagementvoluntaryguidelines PrinciplesandstrategicactionsSecondedition FOODANDAGRICULTUREORGANIZATIONOFTHEUNITEDNATIONS Rome,2024 FORESTRYWORKINGPAPER 41 Requiredcitation: FAO.2024.Integratedfiremanagementvoluntaryguidelines–Principlesandstrategicactions.Secondedition.ForestryWorkingPaper,No.41.Rome.https://doi.org/10.4060/cd1090en ThedesignationsemployedandthepresentationofmaterialinthisinformationproductdonotimplytheexpressionofanyopinionwhatsoeveronthepartoftheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations(FAO)concerningthelegalordevelopmentstatusofanycountry,territory,cityorareaorofitsauthorities,orconcerningthedelimitationofitsfrontiersorboundaries.Thementionofspecificcompaniesorproductsofmanufacturers,whetherornotthesehavebeenpatented,doesnotimplythatthesehavebeenendorsedorrecommendedbyFAOinpreferencetoothersofasimilarnaturethatarenotmentioned. ISSN2664-1062[print] ISSN2664-1070[online] ISBN978-92-5-138916-4 ©FAO,2024 Firstedition2006 Somerightsreserved.ThisworkismadeavailableundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike3.0IGOlicence(CCBY-NC-SA3.0IGO;https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo/legalcode). Underthetermsofthislicence,thisworkmaybecopied,redistributedandadaptedfornon-commercialpurposes,providedthattheworkisappropriatelycited.Inanyuseofthiswork,thereshouldbenosuggestionthatFAOendorsesanyspecificorganization,productsorservices.TheuseoftheFAOlogoisnotpermitted.Iftheworkisadapted,thenitmustbelicensedunderthesameorequivalentCreativeCommonslicence.Ifatranslationofthisworkiscreated,itmustincludethefollowingdisclaimeralongwiththerequiredcitation:“ThistranslationwasnotcreatedbytheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations(FAO).FAOisnotresponsibleforthecontentoraccuracyofthistranslation.Theoriginal[Language]editionshallbetheauthoritativeedition.” DisputesarisingunderthelicencethatcannotbesettledamicablywillberesolvedbymediationandarbitrationasdescribedinArticle8ofthelicenceexceptasotherwiseprovidedherein.TheapplicablemediationruleswillbethemediationrulesoftheWorldIntellectualPropertyOrganizationhttp://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rulesandanyarbitrationwillbeconductedinaccordancewiththeArbitrationRulesoftheUnitedNationsCommissiononInternationalTradeLaw(UNCITRAL). Third-partymaterials.Userswishingtoreusematerialfromthisworkthatisattributedtoathirdparty,suchastables,figuresorimages,areresponsiblefordeterminingwhetherpermissionisneededforthatreuseandforobtainingpermissionfromthecopyrightholder.Theriskofclaimsresultingfrominfringementofanythird-party-ownedcomponentintheworkrestssolelywiththeuser. Sales,rightsandlicensing.FAOinformationproductsareavailableontheFAOwebsite(www.fao.org/publications)andcanbepurchasedthroughpublications-sales@fao.org.Requestsforcommercialuseshouldbesubmittedvia:www.fao.org/contact-us/licence-request.Queriesregardingrightsandlicensingshouldbesubmittedto:copyright@fao.org. Coverphotograph: Niger.Afarmerburningstrawtofertilizetheearthforthenextplantingseason ©FAO/GiulioNapolitano Contents Forewordv Acknowledgementsvi Abbreviationsviii 1.Introduction1 1.1.Background1 1.2.Rationale2 1.3.Objectives4 1.4.Relationshiptootherinternationalinstruments4 1.5.Implementationoftheprinciplesandstrategicactions5 1.6.Diversityofcontextsandspecialrequirements5 2.Cross-sectoralissues7 2.1.Livelihoodsandpoverty7 2.2.Sustainableecosystemsandenvironmentalimpacts7 2.3.Impactsonhumanhealthandsafety9 2.4.Fireasatoolinsustainablelanduseand resourcemanagement10 2.5.Safetyconsiderationsforfirefightersandcivilians10 2.6.Legal,policy,institutionalandfinancialframeworks11 2.7.Scienceandtechnology12 2.8.Knowledgemanagement13 2.9.Education,trainingandpublicawareness14 2.10.Cooperationandpartnerships14 3.Principles17 3.1.Economic17 3.2.Environmental19 3.3.Institutional20 3.4.Socialandcultural23 3.5.Enhancedfiremanagementcapacity25 4.Strategicactions27 4.1.Integratedfiremanagementinnaturalandprotected areasandreserves27 4.2.Fireawarenessandeducation29 4.3.Wildfireprevention29 4.4.Firedangerratingandearly-warningsystems30 4.5.Firepreparedness,includingtechnicaltraining31 4.6.Otherpreparatoryactivities32 4.7.Firedetection,communications,anddispatch33 4.8.Initialattack34 4.9.Large-wildfiresuppressionandmanagement35 4.10.Managingmultipleincidents36 4.11.Fuelmanagement37 4.12.Plannedfire/prescribedburning38 4.13.Burnedarearepair,rehabilitationandrestoration39 4.14.Resourcemanagementandintegratedfireplanning41 4.15.WorkingwithIndigenousPeoplesandotherlocalknowledge-holders42 4.16.Equityinintegratedfiremanagement43 4.17.Monitoringandassessment44 Conclusion47 Bibliography49 Annex1:Conventions,agreementsanddeclarations61 Annex2:IncidentCommandSystem63 Glossary67 Notes72 Foreword Damagingwildfiresinmanypartsoftheworldinrecentyearshavepromptedanincreaseindemandfortechnicalsupportforintegratedfiremanagement.Aspartoftheresponse,FAOandtheUnited