CAREC地区的道路资金和道路使用者费用（英）

ROADFUNDSANDROADUSERCHARGES INTHECARECREGION DECEMBER2022 ROADFUNDSANDROADUSERCHARGES INTHECARECREGION DECEMBER2022 CreativeCommonsAttribution3.0IGOlicense(CCBY3.0IGO) ©2022AsianDevelopmentBank 6ADBAvenue,MandaluyongCity,1550MetroManila,PhilippinesTel+63286324444;Fax+63286362444 www.adb.org Somerightsreserved.Publishedin2022. ISBN978-92-9269-972-7(print);978-92-9269-973-4(electronic);978-92-9269-974-1(ebook) PublicationStockNo.SPR220592-2 DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/SPR220592-2 TheviewsexpressedinthispublicationarethoseoftheauthorsanddonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsandpoliciesoftheAsianDevelopmentBank(ADB)oritsBoardofGovernorsorthegovernmentstheyrepresent. ADBdoesnotguaranteetheaccuracyofthedataincludedinthispublicationandacceptsnoresponsibilityforanyconsequenceoftheiruse.ThementionofspecificcompaniesorproductsofmanufacturersdoesnotimplythattheyareendorsedorrecommendedbyADBinpreferencetoothersofasimilarnaturethatarenotmentioned. Bymakinganydesignationoforreferencetoaparticularterritoryorgeographicarea,orbyusingtheterm“country”inthisdocument,ADBdoesnotintendtomakeanyjudgmentsastothelegalorotherstatusofanyterritoryorarea. ThisworkisavailableundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution3.0IGOlicense(CCBY3.0IGO)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/.Byusingthecontentofthispublication,youagreetobeboundbythetermsofthislicense.Forattribution,translations,adaptations,andpermissions,pleasereadtheprovisionsandtermsofuseathttps://www.adb.org/terms-use#openaccess. ThisCClicensedoesnotapplytonon-ADBcopyrightmaterialsinthispublication.Ifthematerialisattributedtoanothersource,pleasecontactthecopyrightownerorpublisherofthatsourceforpermissiontoreproduceit.ADBcannotbeheldliableforanyclaimsthatariseasaresultofyouruseofthematerial. Pleasecontactpubsmarketing@adb.orgifyouhavequestionsorcommentswithrespecttocontent,orifyouwishtoobtaincopyrightpermissionforyourintendedusethatdoesnotfallwithintheseterms,orforpermissiontousetheADBlogo. CorrigendatoADBpublicationsmaybefoundathttp://www.adb.org/publications/corrigenda.Notes: Inthispublication,“$”referstoUnitedStatesdollars. Onthecover:VehiclespassingthroughtheLahoreRingRoadandtheShahMaqsoodtollplazaattheHassanabdal-HavelianExpresswayinPakistan(topphotosbyMadihaAijazandNasrurRahman);andtheA365HighwayintheKyrgyzRepublic(middlephotobySergeCartiervanDissel). CONTENTS TablesandFiguresiv Acknowledgmentsvii Abbreviationsviii Introduction1 First-GenerationRoadFunds1 Second-GenerationRoadFunds2 RoadFundsintheCentralAsiaRegionalEconomicCooperationRegion2 Azerbaijan4 RoadFundManagement4 RoadFundRevenue7 KyrgyzRepublic16 RoadFundManagement16 RoadFundRevenue20 Mongolia29 RoadFundManagement29 RoadFundRevenue32 Pakistan41 RoadFundManagement41 RoadFundRevenue45 Uzbekistan53 RoadFundManagement53 RoadFundRevenue59 RoadFundManagement74 EligibleActivities74 ManagementStructure78 FundingApprovalandAllocation80 FinancialandTechnicalAccountability83 RoadFundRevenue87 RevenueSources87 iii RevenueLevelsandFundingNeeds96 TABLESANDFIGURES Tables 1 ActivitiesEligibleforFinancingfromtheRoadBudgetTrustFund 5 2 RevenueSourcesoftheRoadBudgetTrustFund 7 3 RoadTaxonFuel 8 4 RoadTaxforForeignVehicles(US$) 8 5 VehicleExciseTaxRates 9 6 VehicleCustomDutyRates 9 7 FeesforInternationalRoadPermits 10 8 VehicleTechnicalInspectionFees 10 9 SimplifiedTaxRatesforTransporters 11 10 FinesonOversizedandOverweightVehicles 11 11 AnnualBudgetedRevenuesoftheRoadBudgetTrustFund2018–2022(AZN) 12 12 ExpenditureoftheRoadBudgetTrustFundfor2020(AZN) 14 13 ActivitiesEligibleforFinancingfromtheRoadFund 17 14 MembersoftheRoadFundSupervisoryBoardintheKyrgyzRepublic 18 15 CompetenciesoftheRoadFundSupervisoryBoardintheKyrgyzRepublic 18 16 SourcesofFundingoftheRoadFund(2021) 21 17 FuelExciseTaxRates 22 18 VehicleRegistrationandReregistrationFees(Som) 23 19 EarmarkedRoadUserChargeRevenues2008–2012(Sommillion) 24 20 RepublicanBudgetAllocationstoRoadMaintenanceandRepair 25 21 EarmarkedRevenuesin2018 26 22 NationalBudgetAllocationstoRoads(Sommillion) 26 23 CalculationofMaintenanceandRepairNeedsbytheMinistryofTransportandCommunications 28 24 ActivitiesEligibleforFinancingfromtheStateRoadFund 30 25 SourcesofFundingoftheStateRoadFund 32 26 VehicleExciseTax(MNT) 33 27 TaxonGasolineandDiesel 34 28 TollRates 34 29 AnnualRevenuesoftheStateRoadFund2014–2020(MNTmillion) 36 30 AnnualExpenditureoftheStateRoadFund2014–2020(MNTmillion) 38 31 MaintenanceandRepairNeeds(MNTmillion) 40 iv TablesandFiguresv 32ActivitiesEligibleforFinancingfromtheRoadMaintenanceAccount42 33MembersoftheNationalHighwayAuthorityandtheRoadMaintenanceAccount43 ManagementEntities 34SourcesofFundingoftheRoadMaintenanceAccount46 35MotorwayTollRates(US$/km)47 36ActualRevenuesoftheRoadMaintenanceAccount2014–2021(PRsmillion)48 37AnnualPlannedExpenditureoftheRoadMaintenanceAccount2017–2021(PRsmillion)49 38MaintenanceNeedsandApprovedPlans51 39ActivitiesEligibleforFinancingfromtheRepublicanRoadFund55 andSubsequentRepublicanFund 40SourcesofFundingoftheRepublicanRoadFund60 41Sourcesof