南非：能源和空气排放账户技术援助报告（2025年10月6日至10日）

SOUTH AFRICAReport on theEnergy and Air EmissionsAccounts (October 6–10, 2025) APRIL 2026 Prepared ByJoe St. Lawrence Authoring Department: STATISTICS DEPARTMENT, IMF DISCLAIMER “The contents of this document constitute technical advice provided by the staff of the International Monetary Fundto the authorities of National Statistical Office in response to their request for technical assistance. This document(in whole or in part) or summaries thereof may be disclosed by the IMF to the IMF Executive Director forPhilippines, to other IMF Executive Directors and members of their staff, as well as to other agencies or instrumentalities of the CD recipient, and upon their request, to World Bank staff, and other technical assistanceproviders and donors with legitimate interest, unless the CD recipient specifically objects to such disclosure (see MEMBERS/PARTNERS Table of Contents Acronyms..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Section I. Summary of Mission Outcomes and Priority Recommendations......................................... 3 A.Background .............................................................................................................................................. 5B.Institutional Set-Up................................................................................................................................... 5C.Capacity ................................................................................................................................................... 7D.Towards the Development of Air Emissions Accounts ............................................................................ 7E.Dissemination Strategy ............................................................................................................................ 9F.Risks and Opportunities........................................................................................................................... 9 Acronyms AEAAir Emission AccountsDFFEDepartment of Forestry, Fisheries, and EnvironmentDMREDepartment of Mineral Resources and EnergyDEEDepartment of Electricity and EnergyESKOMSouth Africa’s State-Owned Electricity SupplierIEAInternational Energy AgencyIMFInternational Monetary FundISICInternational Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic ActivitiesNAEISNational Atmospheric Emissions Inventory SystemNCANatural Capital AccountingOECDOrganization for Economic Co-operation and Development Section I. Summary of Mission Outcomes and Priority A technical assistance mission visited Statistics South Africa duringOctober 6–10, 2025.The objectives of the mission were to discuss the next release of South Africa’s Energy Account and to discuss methodologies related to the development of the new Air EmissionsAccount. Representatives were also invited from the Department of Forestry, Fisheries and Environment(DFFE) and the Department of Electricity and Energy (DEE) who are directly involved in the compilation Macro-relevant indicators related to climate change are important for evidence-basedpolicymaking. South Africa has climate change mitigation and energy transition as key policy priorities.In this context, Energy and Air Emission Accounts are key inputs for analysis of energy supply and use,pressures on climate and calculating carbon footprints. These data also support decision makingregarding carbon taxes/prices as well as understanding the effect of border carbon adjustments and will To support progress in the above work areas, the mission recommended the followingpriority recommendations to continue improvement of Energy Accounts and move forward with Further details on the priority recommendations and the related actions/milestones can befound in the action plan below under Detailed Technical Assessment and Recommendations. A.BACKGROUND South Africa has climate change mitigation and energy transition as key policy priorities. In this context, Energy and Air Emission Accounts are key inputs for analysis of energy supply and use,the transition to a low carbon economy, pressures on climate, and calculating carbon footprints. These This project began with a diagnostic mission to South Africa delivered in July 2023, atechnical assistance mission in June 2024, and a virtual technical assistance mission in February2025. Following the IMF technical assistance in February, Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) compiled and released the first Physical Energy Flow Accounts (PEFA) for South Africa, 2015 to 2021 on 26 March2025 (The ebb and flow of energy in South Africa | Statistics South Africa). Stats SA is currently updatingthe PEFA accounts to reference year 2022 scheduled for release in November 2025. The full PEFAtables cover 10 energy products divided across six industries, households, accumulation, and trade. B.INSTITUTIONAL SET-UP Energy Data Reference Group.D