2026年非洲战略矿产概览报告

TABLE OFCONTENTS 1Foreword2Executive Summary5Acknowledgements7What Minerals Are Strategic to Africa? 2 1 COMPENDIUMOFSTRATEGIC MINERALS REGIONALOVERVIEWS MINERAL VALUECHAINS IN PRACTICE:THE INFRASTRUCTUREIMPERATIVE AFRICA’SMINERALENDOWMENT 35Key Take-Aways: Our Value ChainDisconnection Matrix39Iron and Ferro-Alloy Metals54Non-Ferrous Metals66Industrial Minerals73Precious Metals79Mineral Fuels81Appendix 1: Review of Africa’sMinerals Endowment and MineralsExploration Trends85Appendix 2: Case Study: AI inGeological Data Processing: EarlyLessons from Africa86Appendix 3: Data Coverage andMethodological Basis: The MinExDatabase87Appendix 4: Data Coverageand Methodological Basis: TheCompendium of Africa’s StrategicMinerals 17RailwaysMust Evolve from Pit-to-Port Assets to Integration Backbones19PortsAre a Critical Node of NewRegional Industrial Ecosystems20Industrial Zonesas Anchors ofLocalised Mineral Clusters21EnergyRemains a Binding Constrainton Africa’s Minerals Value Chains22Map:Africa’s Baseload Power Plants 13An US$8.6 Trillion Untapped MineralBase14From Endowment to Opportunity:Sorting Africa’s Mineral Assets byInvestment Readiness 24North Africa:Industrial Platforms,Phosphate Strength – and a Frontierin Green Industrialisation26West Africa:Fragmented Markets,Strong Gold Foundations – andthe Case for Regional IndustrialAggregation28East Africa:Africa’s Strongest Upside?30Central Africa:Giant Endowments,Minimal Integration – and the Casefor Shared Infrastructure32Southern Africa:RebuildingIndustrial Depth Around New MineralEconomies FOREWORD As the world undergoes a profound realignment across energy systems, industrial supply chains, and digitaltechnologies, the strategic importance of Africa’s mineral resources has never been greater. However, thismoment is not simply about responding to global demand. It is about agency;the ability to define, on ourown terms, how Africa’s mineral wealth is developed, transformed, and mobilised to support the continent’sindustrialisation and economic transformation. The continent is endowed with some of the world’s most significant mineral reserves, many of which havebecome critical to global decarbonisation and defence technologies. Yet their greatest strategic importancelies in their role to support Africa’s economic security, industrialisation, digital economies, domestic demand,and infrastructure. Africa’s mineral story has too often been framed narrowly – through fragmented data, an upstream-only lens,and priorities set largely outside the continent. This has constrained investment, obscured value-additionopportunities, and limited the development of integrated regional supply chains. Fundamentally, it has limitedAfrica’s ability to capture the full value of its mineral resources for its development. TheCompendium of Africa’s Strategic Mineralsis conceived to correct course. This inaugural edition represents a deliberate effort to reframe Africa’s minerals sector through an African lens– one that places infrastructure, beneficiation, and domestic demand at the centre of the analysis. Rather thantreating minerals solely as export commodities, the Compendium maps their full value chains, linking reservesand production to processing capacity, transport and energy infrastructure, and regional industrial corridors.In doing so, it advances a simple but powerful proposition: Africa’s mineral wealth becomes transformationalwhen it is explicitly linked to the continent’s growing demand for infrastructure. Central to this approach is a rethink of what “strategic” truly means for Africa. While global discourse oftenfocuses on a narrow set of energy-transition minerals, Africa’s development priorities are broader and moregrounded in lived realities. Food security, industrialisation, housing, and transport infrastructure, such asrailways, power transmission lines, and data centres are as fundamental to the continent’s future as batteriesand electric vehicles (EVs). For this reason, the Compendium deliberately elevates fertiliser minerals such asphosphates and potash, which underpin agricultural productivity, alongside iron ore, and steel, which arefoundational to construction, manufacturing, and infrastructure. These materials are no less strategic to Africa’seconomic transformation than lithium, cobalt, or rare earths. At the Africa Finance Corporation, our mandate is toBuildAfricaby mobilising expertise and capital to develop andfinance infrastructure that catalyses industrialisation. ThisCompendium sits squarely within that mission. It is intendedto serve policymakers, domestic and international investors,and industrial players alike, providing the clarity needed tomove from endowment to economic transformation. Above all, this publication is an affirmation of African leadership.It reflects a growing consensus that Africa must define itsown minerals priorities in line with its development objectives– anchoring industrialisation, strengthening food and energy