2024南非航运业和卡车运输业脱碳白皮书

Decarbonizing South Africa’s Shipping and Trucking Sectors

Challenges

• Energy Crisis: South Africa’s energy crisis costs the country 2-3% of GDP growth.
• Infrastructure: The state of the electricity grid operates at less than 50% capacity, limiting the feasibility of low-carbon technology development.
• Financial Barriers: High interest rates, low internal rates of return, and insufficient capital structures hinder project financing.

Opportunities

• Clean Technology Leadership: South Africa can become a leader in clean technology and a role model for a just energy transition in emerging markets.
• Green Hydrogen: With high renewable energy potential and strategic position in global maritime trade, South Africa can:
  • Transform ports into green bunkering hubs.
  • Develop infrastructure for domestic commercial road transport.
  • Export green hydrogen derivatives to meet global demand.
• Development Finance: Leveraging development finance and exploring novel financial instruments can accelerate project development.

Trucking Decarbonization

• Barriers:
  • Lack of charging infrastructure for zero-emission trucks (ZETs).
  • Cost and lack of confidence in government action.
  • Import duties on finished trucks.
  • Absence of policies for incentives and infrastructure.
• Solutions:
  • Public-private partnerships for infrastructure development.
  • Support for a just transition through improved grid capacity and procurement incentives.

Shipping Decarbonization

• Barriers:
  • Global demand for zero-emission fuels and evolving regulations.
  • High costs of e-fuels and project financing.
  • Existing port infrastructure issues and need for new facilities.
• Solutions:
  • Development of port infrastructure.
  • Incentives to produce green hydrogen.
  • Supportive international regulations.
  • Financing from institutional finance, multilateral development banks, and private financiers.

Finance as a Vital Enabler

• Critical Need: Securing finance is crucial for scaling-up and commercializing low-carbon technologies.
• Emerging Markets: Costs of capital and interest rates are high, necessitating non-traditional and novel financing instruments.
• Integrated Value Chains: Collaboration on integrated green fuel value chains and efforts to scale-up global offtake.

This summary highlights the key challenges and opportunities in decarbonizing South Africa’s shipping and trucking sectors, emphasizing the importance of infrastructure, finance, and policy support.