2024年全球废物管理展望报告（英）

Beyondanageofwaste Turningrubbishintoaresource GlobalWasteManagementOutlook2024 ©2024UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme ISBN:978-92-807-4129-2 Jobnumber:DTI/2619/NA DOI:https://doi.org/10.59117/20.500.11822/44939 Thispublicationmaybereproducedinwholeorinpartandinanyformforeducationalornon-profitserviceswithoutspecialpermissionfromthecopyrightholder,providedacknowledgementofthesourceismade. TheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgrammewouldappreciatereceivingacopyofanypublicationthatusesthispublicationasasource. NouseofthispublicationmaybemadeforresaleoranyothercommercialpurposewhatsoeverwithoutpriorpermissioninwritingfromtheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme.Applicationsforsuchpermission,withastatementofthepurposeandextentofthereproduction,shouldbeaddressedtounep-communication-director@un.org. Disclaimers ThedesignationsemployedandthepresentationofthematerialinthispublicationdonotimplytheexpressionofanyopinionwhatsoeveronthepartoftheSecretariatoftheUnitedNationsconcerningthelegalstatusof anycountry,territoryorcityorareaoritsauthorities,orconcerningthedelimitationofitsfrontiersorboundaries.MentionofacommercialcompanyorproductinthisdocumentdoesnotimplyendorsementbytheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgrammeortheauthors.Theuseofinformationfromthisdocumentforpublicity oradvertisingisnotpermitted.Trademarknamesandsymbolsareusedinaneditorialfashionwithnointentiononinfringementoftrademarkorcopyrightlaws.TheviewsexpressedinthispublicationarethoseoftheauthorsanddonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsoftheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme. Weregretanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenunwittinglymade. ©Maps,photos,andillustrationsasspecified Suggestedcitation: UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme(2024).GlobalWasteManagementOutlook2024:Beyondanageofwaste–Turningrubbishintoaresource.Nairobi.https://wedocs.unep.org/20.500.11822/44939 URL:https://www.unep.org/resources/global-waste-management-outlook-2024 Co-producedwith: ThispublicationwasfinanciallysupportedbytheGovernmentsofJapanandSweden. 2|UNEP|BeyondanAgeofWaste-GlobalWasteManagementOutlook2024 Photosource:Kalyakan/AdobeStock Acknowledgements TheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme(UNEP)andtheInternationalSolidWasteAssociation(ISWA)wouldliketothanktheauthors,reviewersandcollaboratorswhohavecontributedtothereport. Leadauthor:ZoëLenkiewicz Projectsupervisionandcoordination:DanielTernald(UNEP), CarlosSilvaFilho(ISWA),AditiRamola(ISWA) Technicaleditor:JohnSmith Contributingauthors: FernandoBernardes,AchimHalpaap,LucaLouzada,AditiRamola,CarlosSilvaFilho,HugoHenriqueSimoneSouza,JohnSmith,DanielTernald,DavidWilson Editor’sNote:InFebruary2024,oneofthecontributingauthors listedherepreviouslywasremovedupontheirrequest. Dataanalysisteam:HugoHenriqueSimoneSouza,FernandoBernardes,LucaLouzada Supportandcontributions: SheilaAggarwal-Khan,JacquelineAlvarez,KeithAlverson,BjörnAppelqvist,SandraAverous-Monnery,SteffenBlume,PierreHenriBoileau,TimothyBouldry,ThanasisBourtsalas,MarieNoelBruneDrisse,FrancescaCalisesi,EdCook,KennethDavis,Nicolien Delange,RaphaelleDelmas,PremakumaraJagathDickellaGamaralalage,AdrianaSanabriaGomez,MisatoDilley,Junko Fujioka,JaneGilbert,LindaGodfrey,ChrisGodlove,MarianneGrant,KevinHelps,AndreaHinwood,ShunichiHonda,LeonieHoogland,MariaHughes,NicolasHumez,ShihoJinno,KartikKapoor,NeleKapp,NagwaElKarawy,JamesLaw,MelisaLim, AnaLoureiro,AmaniMaalouf,MonikaMacDevette,AntonisMavropoulos,SandraMazo-Nix,SaaiqaMerali,LlorençMilài Canals,SolangeMontillaud-Joyel,JaneMuriithi,SusanMutebi-Richards,IyngararasanMylvakanam,MiraNagy,Takehiro Nakamura,LigiaNoronha,TapiwaNxele,ClementineO’Connor,MichikoOta,AgamuthuPariatamby,JohannesPaul,PierreQuiblier,ArneRagossnig,RékaSoós,MarcoRicci,IevaRucevska,FernandaRomero,LailaSaada,AtilioSavino,AnneScheinberg,MaryFuadTawfiqShanti,NaliniSharma,OttoSimonett,AphroditeSmagadi,ChristianStiglitz,StevenStone,NaoTakeuchi,MarcTijhuis,ElisaTonda,JoséUribe,CostasVelis,GoranVujić,FengWang,AndrewWhiteman,DavidWilson,MoekaYamaguchi,SallieYang,YahanYou Copyediting:AmandaLawrenceBrown,DeannaRamsay,JohnSmith Productionandlaunchsupport:UNEPCommunicationDivision,ISWACommunicationsteam Designandlayout: Fluid–StrategicCommunications www.hellofluid.co.uk 3|UNEP|BeyondanAgeofWaste-GlobalWasteManagementOutlook2024 Abbreviationsandacronyms CCACClimateandCleanAirCoalition CECirculareconomy CH4Methane CO2Carbondioxide EPRExtendedProducerResponsibility EUEuropeanUnion EUREuros FAOFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations GDPGrossdomesticproduct GHGGreenhousegas GNIGrossnationalincome GWMOGlobalWasteManagementOutlook(2015) HDIHumanDevelopmentIndex IETCInternationalEnvironmentalTechnologyCentre ILOInternationalLabourOrganization IPCCIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange ISWAInternationalSolidWasteAssociation kgkilogram LCALifecycleassessment MSWMunicipalsolidwaste MtMilliontonnes(ormegatonnes) NDCNationallyDeterminedContribution OECDOrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment POPsPersistentOrganicPollutants PPPPurchasingpowerparity SDGsSustainableDevelopmentGoals SAICMStrat