The report provides an analysis of the EU collection and recycling of lead-based automotive batteries during the period 2015-2017. The results support the conclusion that the collection and recycling rate of lead-based automotive batteries in the EU is extremely high and is essentially a closed loop with few batteries being lost through exports in used vehicles. The report was commissioned by several automotive industry associations and prepared in collaboration with members of these associations. The report does not specify any collection targets for lead-based automotive batteries, but considers them one of the current success stories in the EU.