中国在全球南方的话语权运作

CHINA’S DISCOURSE POWER OPERATIONS IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH1CHINA’S DISCOURSE POWER OPERATIONS IN THE GLOBAL SOUTHAN OVERVIEW OF CHINESE ACTIVITIES IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA, LATIN AMERICA, AND THE MIDDLE EAST CHINA’S DISCOURSE POWER OPERATIONS IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH2The mission of the Digital Forensic Research Lab (DFRLab) is to identify, expose, and explain disinformation where and when it occurs using open-source research; to promote objective truth as a foundation of government for and by people; to protect democratic institutions and norms from those who would seek to undermine them in the digital engagement space; to create a new model of expertise adapted for impact and real-world results; and to forge digital resilience at a time when humans are more interconnected than at any point in history, by building the world’s leading hub of digital forensic analysts tracking events in governance, technology, and security.ISBN-13: 978-1-61977-224-3Cover: Donald Partyka and Liam Brophy for the Atlantic CouncilThis report is written and published in accordance with the Atlantic Council’s policy on intellectual independence. The authors are solely responsible for its analysis and recommendations. The Atlantic Council and its donors do not determine, nor do they necessarily endorse or advocate for, any of this report’s conclusions. © 2022 The Atlantic Council of the United States. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the Atlantic Council, except in the case of brief quotations in news articles, critical articles, or reviews. Please direct inquiries to:Atlantic Council 1030 15th Street NW, 12th Floor Washington, DC 20005For more information, please visit www.AtlanticCouncil.org.April 2022Lead author and researcher Kenton ThibautContributors, writing and research Simin Kargar Daniel Suárez Pérez Editors Andy Carvin Iain Robertson Design Donald Partyka Liam BrophyAdditional thanks to Beth Alexion Emerson Brooking Jean le Roux CHINA’S DISCOURSE POWER OPERATIONS IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH3CHINA’S DISCOURSE POWER OPERATIONS IN THE GLOBAL SOUTHAN OVERVIEW OF CHINESE ACTIVITIES IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA, LATIN AMERICA, AND THE MIDDLE EAST CHINA’S DISCOURSE POWER OPERATIONS IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH4 CHINA’S DISCOURSE POWER OPERATIONS IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH1TABLE OF CONTENTS1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 METHODOLOGY 3 3 DISCOURSE POWER IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA, LATIN AMERICA, 6 AND THE MIDDLE EAST China in Sub-Saharan Africa 6 Case study: China’s COVID-19 messaging makes its way to South Africa 8 China in Latin America 12 Case study: Pro-China messaging amplified in Venezuela’s “Hashtag of the Day” 14 China in the Middle East 17 Case study: A moment of truth for China’s vaccine diplomacy in Iran 21 4 CONCLUSION 22 CHINA’S DISCOURSE POWER OPERATIONS IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH CHINA’S DISCOURSE POWER OPERATIONS IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH1INTRODUCTION1 Chinese Discourse Power: China’s Use of Information Manipulation in Regional and Global Competition, Digital Forensic Research Lab and Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security, Atlantic Council, December 2020, 1–25, https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/China-Discouse-Power-FINAL.pdf.2 Zhao Xinli, “积极通过国际友人开展国际传播” (“Actively carry out international communication through international friends”), Public Diplomacy Quarterly 3 (2021), https://caod.oriprobe.com/articles/62415542/ji_ji_tong_guo_guo_ji_you_ren_kai_zhan_guo_ji_chua.htm.3 Wang Shucheng, “融媒时代的对外传播要强化战略定力” (“External communication in the era of convergent media should strengthen strategic determination”), People’s Daily, August 22, 2016, http://www.xinhuanet.com/zgjx/2016-08/22/c_135624493.htm.4 “澳英美联盟树立了一个坏榜样” (“Australia-UK-US alliance sets a bad example”), Xinhua, January 6, 2022, http://www.news.cn/globe/2022-01/06/c_1310396517.htm.5 “习近平在中共中央政治局第三十次集体学习时强调 加强和改进国际传播工作 展示真实立体全面的中国” (“During the 30th collective study of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Xi Jinping emphasized strengthening and improving international communication work and showing a true, three-dimensional and comprehensive China”), Xinhua, June 1, 2021, http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/leaders/2021-06/01/c_1127517461.htm.6 “‘中国的民主’白皮书(全文)” [“‘China: Democracy That Works’ White Paper (Full Text)”], State Council Information Office of the People’s Republic of China, December 12, 2021, http://www.scio.gov.cn/zfbps/32832/Document/1717206/1717206.htm.7 Kenton Thibaut and Roman Osadchuk, “China, Russia frame US as human rights ‘hypocrites’ in wake of Afghanistan withdrawal,” Digital Forensic Research Lab, September 7, 2021, https://medium.com/dfrlab/china-russia-frame-us-as-human-rights-hypocrites-in-wake-of-afghanistan-withdrawal-96a9371