促进东南亚国家联盟的贸易：来自经合组织最近贸易便利化指标趋势的见解

Insights from Recent OECD Trade Facilitation Indicators Trends Facilitating Trade INSIGHTS FROM RECENT OECD TRADE This work is issued under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD, and does not necessarily reflect the This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty overany territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use ofsuch data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in OECD (2026),Facilitating Trade in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations: Insights from Recent OECD Trade FacilitationIndicators Trends, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/71254407-en. ISBN 978-92-64-80451-7 (print)ISBN 978-92-64-97557-6 (PDF)ISBN 978-92-64-65676-5 (HTML) Photo credits:Cover © Felix_Fotos/Shutterstock.com. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html.© OECD 2026 Foreword Today, the movement ofgoods across borders is more than a logistical exercise–it is the backbone ofthe everyday functioning of economies worldwide. Efficient border procedures support the flow of essentialinputs into production networks; they allow firms, especially smallerones, to participate in regional and At the same time, the demands placed on border systems have increased. Traders expect fast, reliable,andtransparent procedures,while governments must safeguard security,ensure compliance withregulatory requirements, and respond to rising expectationsfor digital service delivery. These competing ASEAN has made strong strides in this direction. Recent years have seen significant progress in enhancingtransparency, embracing digital tools, and strengthening border agency co-operation. Many ASEANMember States have modernised customs procedures, introduced electronic documentation, and investedin risk-based systems that speed up clearance for compliant traders. Regional initiatives such as theASEAN Single Window, the ASEAN Customs Transit System, the ASEAN Tariff Finder, and the new However, progress has not been uniform. Differences in the maturity of automation systems, the alignmentof risk management frameworks, and the degree of interoperability between border agencies continue toinfluence the pace of reform across ASEAN. In some areas, regulatory commitments have yet to fully To sustain the benefits of integration, policymakers increasingly need to strike the right balance betweenfacilitating legitimate trade and ensuring robust oversight. Doing so requires not only strong legal This report seeks to inform that common reference point for policy dialogue: it provides an evidence-basedassessment of recent reform efforts through the lens of the OECD TFIs, highlighting achievements andidentifying where challenges persist. The reportaims to provide a clear analytical foundation to helppolicymakers understand how different aspects of trade facilitation influence economic activity, and where Ultimately, closing the gap between commitments and implementation represents one of the greatestopportunities for ASEAN. Doing so will not only deepen reductions in trade costs, but also strengthen Acknowledgements Table of contents Foreword Executive summary8 2 Trade facilitation frameworks in ASEAN12 3 Key trends in trade facilitation in ASEAN through the lens of the OECD TFIs14 3.1. There is steady progress in trade facilitation across all AMS143.2. Heterogeneity of performance remains significant173.3. ASEAN TFIs performance in perspective18 4 A closer look at the implementation of trade facilitation measures20 4.1. Transparency and predictability4.2. Automating and streamlining trade documents and procedures4.3. Border agency co-operation mechanisms4.4. Governance and impartiality 20283539 5 Further trade facilitation reforms are critical to promote competitiveness andresilience in AMS 5.1. Trade facilitation reforms have contributed to trade cost reductions, but more can beachieved5.2. Trade facilitation reforms also increasingly matter for resilience 4142 6 6 Trade facilitation reforms for new challenges and opportunities in ASEAN References Notes Annex B. ASEAN average performance by area FIGURES Figure3.1. ASEAN’s trade facilitation developments: Uneven but rising progress by policy area15Figure3.2. ASEAN performance: From early gains in transparency to a post-2022 surge in border co-operation16Figure3.3. All AMS are improving their trade facilitation policy environment, albeit at different speeds17Figure3.4. Performance amongst AMS diverges most in streamlining of trade-related documents, automationand advance rulings systems18Figure3.5. Performance in ASEAN compared with otherregions19Figure4.1. More s