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The implications of critical energytransition minerals for women’sparticipation in the mining sector Insights from the Democratic Republicof the Congo and Indonesia Technical and statistical report The implications of critical energytransition minerals for women’sparticipation in the mining sector Insights from the Democratic Republicof the Congo and Indonesia Requests to reproduce excerpts or to photocopy should be addressed to the Copyright ClearanceCenter at copyright.com. All other queries on rights and licences, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to: United Nations Publications405 East 42nd Street, S-11FW001New York, New York 10017United States of AmericaEmail:publications@un.orgWebsite:https://shop.un.org The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the authors and do notnecessarily reflect the views of the United Nations or its officials or Member States. The designations employed and the presentation of material on any map in this work do not implythe expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legalstatus of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of itsfrontiers or boundaries. Mention of any firm or licensed process does not imply the endorsement of the United Nations. This publication has not been formally edited. United Nations publication issued by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development The implications of critical energy transition minerals for women’s participation in the mining sectorInsights from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Indonesia Acknowledgements This study was prepared, under the overall guidance of Luz María de la Mora, Director ofthe Division on International Trade and Commodities of UNCTAD, by a team comprisingMariangela Linoci, Vibhaa Sreedharan, Derek Carnegie and Nursel Aydiner-Avsar. Commentsand suggestions were also provided by Clovis Freire Junior, Rachid Amui, Tansug Ok, Taro Boeland Graham Mott. UNCTAD gratefully acknowledges the contributions to the study received, through interviews,from the following: Emmanuel Umpula Nkumba (African Natural Resources Watch), MarianaBwema (Initiative des Femmes Entrepreneurs pour le Développement Durable), Maya Muchlis(Women in Mining and Energy Indonesia) and Balgis Inayha (Dala Institute). UNCTAD furthergratefully acknowledges comments and suggestions provided by Simonetta Zarrilli. Desktop formatting was carried out by Jenifer Tacardon-Mercado of UNCTAD. The implications of critical energy transition minerals for women’s participation in the mining sectorInsights from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Indonesia Table of contents Acknowledgements............................................................................iiiIntroduction.......................................................................................vii 1.Global demand for Critical Energy Transition Minerals (CETM):Opportunities and challenges for developing countries...............3 1.1 The sustainable energy revolution: Trade and developmentimplications.....................................................................................31.2 Towards gender equality in mining: why women must be part of thisevolving sector.................................................................................51.3 CETM value chain development and women’s participation in thesector..............................................................................................61.4 Governance in the mining sector: Towards gender-responsiveapproaches......................................................................................7 2.Women and the cobalt sector in the Democratic Republic of theCongo........................................................................................13 2.1. Cobalt sector profile: an overview..................................................132.2. Women in cobalt mining.................................................................152.3. Policies, initiatives and programs for women in mining in theDemocratic Republic of the Congo...............................................21 3.Women and the nickel sector in Indonesia..................................29 3.1. Nickel sector profile........................................................................293.2. Women in nickel mining..................................................................313.3. Selected regulations, initiatives and programs for women inmining........................................................................................37 4.Key insights from the case studies of the Democratic Republicof the Congo and Indonesia....................................................43 5.Conclusions and final considerations.........................................49 Annex: Other initiatives and programs on critical minerals...............54References.................................