莫桑比克的增长挑战和政策重点（英）

Mozambique's economy has experienced a significant slowdown since 2016, with average annual growth declining from 7.9% (2000-2015) to 2.9% (2016-2024). This stagnation has led to increased poverty, affecting approximately two-thirds of the population, up from 45% in 2014. Key challenges include weak job creation despite a young and growing population (requiring 0.55 million new jobs annually by 2030), a structural shift favoring capital-intensive extractive industries (LNG projects) over manufacturing, and low agricultural productivity. The informal sector dominates, accounting for about 95% of jobs, while human development indicators rank among the world's lowest. Fiscal pressures limit social and development spending. To address these issues, reforms must focus on economic diversification, job-rich growth, agricultural modernization, improved governance, and expanded access to finance.