全球智能电网技术专利数据综述（英）2024

AGlobalReviewofPatentDataforSmartGridTechnologies INTERNATIONALENERGYAGENCY TheIEAexaminesthefullspectrum ofenergyissuesincludingoil,gasandcoalsupplyanddemand,renewableenergytechnologies,electricitymarkets,energyefficiency,accesstoenergy,demandsidemanagementandmuchmore.Throughitswork,theIEAadvocatespoliciesthatwillenhancethereliability,affordabilityandsustainabilityofenergyinits 31membercountries, 13associationcountriesandbeyond. Thispublicationandanymapincludedhereinarewithoutprejudicetothestatusoforsovereigntyoveranyterritory,tothedelimitationofinternationalfrontiersandboundariesandtothenameofanyterritory,cityorarea. Source:IEA. InternationalEnergyAgencyWebsite:www.iea.org IEAmembercountries: AustraliaAustriaBelgiumCanada CzechRepublicDenmarkEstonia FinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyJapanKoreaLithuania LuxembourgMexicoNetherlandsNewZealandNorwayPolandPortugal SlovakRepublicSpain SwedenSwitzerlandRepublicofTürkiyeUnitedKingdomUnitedStates TheEuropeanCommissionalsoparticipatesintheworkoftheIEA IEAassociationcountries: ArgentinaBrazilChinaEgyptIndiaIndonesiaKenyaMoroccoSenegalSingapore SouthAfricaThailandUkraine IEA.CCBY4.0. Abstract Thecleanenergytransitionincreaseselectricitydemandandrequiresmorewindandsolarpower,stressingpowergrids.Smartgridtechnologiescanmanagethistransition,reducetheneedforcostlynewinfrastructure,andimprovegridresilienceandreliability.Understandinginnovationintheareaenablesinformeddecision-makingforpolicymakersandinvestors.ThisreportdrawsupontheanalysisofTheEuropeanPatentOffice(EPO)PATSTATpatentsdatabasewhichprovidesahighlyvaluablesourceofinformationtoquantifyinnovation.Itanalysestrendsinsmartgridtechnologyinnovation,detailingthetiming,locations,andsubsectorsoftheseadvancements.Byexamininginnovationatthecitylevelituncoversthegeographicalmodelofsmartgridinnovation.Additionally,thisreportmeasuressmartgridsspecialisationusingmetricsdevelopedbytheOrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD),suchastheRevealedTechnologyAdvantage(RTA)tounderstandifacountryspecialisesincertaintechnologiesrelatedtotherestoftheworld.Furthermore,itevaluatespatentqualityusingOECD-developedmeasuressuchasoriginalityandpatentclaims. IEA.CCBY4.0. Acknowledgements,contributorsandcredits ThisreportwaspreparedbytheDataDevelopmentandSupportUnitintheEnergyDataCentre(EDC)oftheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA).KonstantinaKalogianniwastheleadauthorandco-ordinatedtheanalysisandproductionofthereportwithamajorcontributionbyAshleyAcker. AloysNghiem,HeadoftheDataDevelopmentandSupportUnit,providedguidanceonthedevelopmentofthereport.ValuablecommentsandstrategicdirectionwereprovidedNickJohnstone,ChiefStatisticianandHeadoftheEnergyDataCentre. SimonBennettandBrendanReidenbachprovidedinvaluablecommentsandfeedbackonthereport.HélèneDernis(STIDivision)andIvanHascic(ENVDivision)fromtheOrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD)alsoplayedakeyroleintransferringOECDpatentknowledgeandexpertisetotheIEA.ThereportwaseditedbyJustinFrench-Brooks. ThanksgototheIEA'sInformationSystemUnit;inparticulartoNestorAbrahamandIvoLetraforsettingupthedatainfrastructurethatallowedthisanalysis. TheIEAwouldalsoliketothankAntonelloMonti(Professor,InstituteDirectoratRWTHAachenUniversity),theexpertwhoprovidedvaluableinputs,reviewandencouragement. ThisworkformspartoftheDigitalDemand-DrivenElectricityNetworksInitiative,supportedbytheCleanEnergyTransitionsProgramme,theIEA’sflagshipinitiativetohelpenergysystemsworldwidemovetowardsasecureandsustainablefutureforall. Forfurtherinformation,pleasecontact:Konstantina.Kalogianni@iea.org. IEA.CCBY4.0. Tableofcontents Executivesummary6 Introduction7 Chapter1.Maintrendsinsmartgridinnovation8 TrendsintheprimarygroupingsofsmartgridIPFs10 Systemssupportingelectricpowergeneration,transmissionordistribution11 Technologyareasofinterest12 Geographicaldistributionofsmartgridinnovation13 Chapter2.Revealedtechnologyadvantageforsmartgridinnovation21 GeneralRTA21 RTAwithinthepowersector24 Chapter3.Assessingthequalityofsmartgridinventions26 Familysize26 Patentclaims28 Originality30 Backwardcitations33 Methodology35 Datafilters35 Dataassumptions36 Datametrics37 References39 Executivesummary Inthepursuitofacleanerenergysector,smartgridtechnologiesarepivotalinmodernisingaconsistentlyoverloadedgrid.Inthisreportwefocusonanalysingtrendsinsmartgridtechnologyinnovation,showcasingwhere,whenandinwhichsubsectorsinnovationisoccurringandrevealingspecialisationandpatentqualitywithinthesector. 2011sawapeakinsmartgridinnovationwith2000uniqueinventionsproduced,representing11%ofpowersectorinnovations.Followingaperiodofdecline,therelativeshareofsmartgridinnovationsincreasedto13%in2022,aligningwiththetrajectoryoftheIEANetZeroby2050Scenario. In2020technologiesrelatedtomonitoringorcontrollingequipmentforenergygenerationunitsandsupportingpowernetworkoperationormanagementcollectivelyaccountedfor41%oftotalsmartgridpatentregistrations–thelargestshareamongallsmartgridcategories.Thisincreasedsharemaybelinkedtotherisingcapitalinvestmentin