2024年碳定价的现状和趋势报告

2024 carbon STATEANDTRENDSOF pricing ©2024InternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopment/TheWorldBank 1818HStreetNW,Washington,DC20433Telephone:202-473-1000 Internet:www.worldbank.org Somerightsreserved. 123427262524 ThisworkisaproductofthestaffofTheWorldBankwithexternalcontributions.Thefindings,interpretations,andconclusionsexpressedinthisworkdonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsofTheWorldBank,itsBoardofExecutiveDirectors,orthegovernmentstheyrepresent. TheWorldBankdoesnotguaranteetheaccuracy,completeness,orcurrencyofthedataincludedinthisworkanddoesnotassumeresponsibilityforanyerrors,omissions,ordiscrepanciesintheinformation,orliabilitywithrespecttotheuseoforfailuretousetheinformation,methods,processes,orconclusionssetforth.Theboundaries,colors,denominations,links/footnotesandotherinformationshowninthisworkdonotimplyanyjudgmentonthepartofTheWorldBankconcerningthelegalstatusofanyterritoryortheendorsementoracceptanceofsuchboundaries.ThecitationofworksauthoredbyothersdoesnotmeantheWorldBankendorsestheviewsexpressedbythoseauthorsorthecontentoftheirworks. NothinghereinshallconstituteorbeconstruedorconsideredtobealimitationuponorwaiveroftheprivilegesandimmunitiesofTheWorldBank,allofwhicharespecificallyreserved. RightsandPermissions ThisworkisavailableundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution3.0IGOlicense(CCBY 3.0IGO)http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo.UndertheCreativeCommonsAttributionlicense,youarefreetocopy,distribute,transmit,andadaptthiswork,includingforcommercialpurposes,underthefollowingconditions: Attribution Pleasecitetheworkasfollows:WorldBank.2024.StateandTrendsofCarbonPricing2024.Washington,DC:WorldBank.DOI:10.1596/978-1-4648-2127-1.License:CreativeCommonsAttributionCCBY3.0IGO. Translations Ifyoucreateatranslationofthiswork,pleaseaddthefollowingdisclaimeralongwiththeattribution:ThistranslationwasnotcreatedbyTheWorldBankandshouldnotbeconsideredanofficialWorldBanktranslation.TheWorldBankshallnotbeliableforanycontentorerrorinthistranslation. Adaptations Ifyoucreateanadaptationofthiswork,pleaseaddthefollowingdisclaimeralongwiththeattribution:ThisisanadaptationofanoriginalworkbyTheWorldBank.ViewsandopinionsexpressedintheadaptationarethesoleresponsibilityoftheauthororauthorsoftheadaptationandarenotendorsedbyTheWorldBank. Third-partycontent TheWorldBankdoesnotnecessarilyowneachcomponentofthecontentcontainedwithinthework.TheWorldBankthereforedoesnotwarrantthattheuseofanythird-party-ownedindividualcomponentorpartcontainedintheworkwillnotinfringeontherightsofthosethirdparties.Theriskofclaimsresultingfromsuchinfringementrestssolelywithyou.Ifyouwishtoreuseacomponentofthework,itisyourresponsibilitytodeterminewhetherpermissionisneededforthatre-useandtoobtainpermissionfromthecopyrightowner.Examplesofcomponentscaninclude,butarenotlimitedto,tables,figures,orimages. AllqueriesonrightsandlicensesshouldbeaddressedtoWorldBankPublications,TheWorldBank,1818HStreetNW,Washington,DC20433,USA; email:pubrights@worldbank.org. ISBN(electronic):978-1-4648-2127-1DOI:10.1596/978-1-4648-2127-1 Design:Simpelplus(www.simpelplus.de)Coverdesign:BradAmburn(bradamburn.com)Copyediting:EpsteinWords ThedevelopmentofthisreportwasledbytheWorldBankandpreparedbyexpertsfromtheWorldBankandadelphi.Contributions,includingondataandinformationonemissionstradingsystems,wereprovidedbytheInternationalCarbonActionPartnership.AdditionaldataandcontributionswerealsoprovidedbyEcosystemMarketplace. Platts,S&PGlobalCommodityInsights,andtheInstituteforClimateEconomicsalsosupporteddevelopmentofthisreport. TheWorldBanktaskteamresponsibleforthisreportwascomposedofJosephPryor,AshiaBioSawe,AlejandraMazariegos,AdrianConstantinGagu,JichongWu,MartinLaplane,HarikumarGadde,SeoyiKim,ShreyaRangarajan,JacobJunghunLee,KathleenPatroni,ConradBuffier,andHelenGuys. TheadelphiteamincludedConstanzeHaug,DavidHynes,StephanieLaHozTheuer,VictorOrtizRivera,SantiagoRamírezNiembro,LewisStevens,andTheresaWildgrube.EditorialsupportwasprovidedbyLeonHeckmann,TrevorLaroche-Theune,AnastasiaSteinlein,andHermiaTimLanChan. ThisreportbenefitedgreatlyfromtheinsightsandcontributionsfromJesúsAbrahamBartolomeLasa;AlbertaEnvironmentandProtectedAreas;AndrésCamiloÁlvarez-Espinosa;AlexandraAndreaMaiteCampmas;AiviAolaid-Aas;VeliAuvinen;ChristopherAxelson;CharlotteBarber;KristinnBjarnason;SimonBlack;VeldaBuldas;CiroCalderon;DianaCardenasMonar;DanielClarke;theCleanEnergyRegulator(Australia);AlanaClement;ClimatePolicyDepartment(Ukraine);AngelaColquitt;ClaudeCôté;JulieCôté;KatherineCox;DanDale;DanishMinistryof Taxation;StefanoDeClara;DepartmentofClimateChange,Energy,theEnvironmentandWater(Australia);DepartmentofFinanceCanada;DepartmentofFinance, GovernmentoftheNorthwestTerritories;DirecciónNacionaldeInvestigacionesyAnálisisFiscaldelaSubsecretaríadeIngresosPúblicosdelaSecretaríadeHaciendadelMinisteriodeEconomía(Argentina);JoaquínEgañaTamargo;AssiaElgouacem;AmandaEngel;DominikEnglert;FederalOfficefortheEnvironment-ClimateDivision(Switzerland);CristinaFigueroaVargas;CarolynFischer;Mathieu Fouquet;NicolasGarceau;