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PublicDisclosureAuthorized PublicDisclosureAuthorized PublicDisclosureAuthorized PublicDisclosureAuthorized ©2024InternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopment/TheWorldBank1818HStreetNW WashingtonDC20433 Telephone:202-473-1000Internet:www.worldbank.org ThisworkisaproductofthestaffofTheWorldBankwithexternalcontributions.Thefindings,interpretations,andconclusionsexpressedinthisworkdonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsofTheWorldBank,itsBoardofExecutiveDirectors,orthegovernmentstheyrepresent. TheWorldBankdoesnotguaranteetheaccuracy,completeness,orcurrencyofthedataincludedinthisworkanddoesnotassumeresponsibilityforanyerrors,omissions,ordiscrepanciesintheinformation,orliabilitywithrespecttotheuseoforfailuretousetheinformation,methods,processes,orconclusionssetforth.Theboundaries,colors,denominations,andotherinformationshownonanymapinthisworkdonotimplyanyjudgmentonthepartofTheWorldBankconcerningthelegalstatusofanyterritoryortheendorsementoracceptanceofsuchboundaries. NothinghereinshallconstituteorbeconstruedorconsideredtobealimitationuponorwaiveroftheprivilegesandimmunitiesofTheWorldBank,allofwhicharespecificallyreserved. RightsandPermissions Thematerialinthisworkissubjecttocopyright.BecauseTheWorldBankencouragesdisseminationofitsknowledge,thisworkmaybereproduced,inwholeorinpart,fornoncommercialpurposesaslongasfullattributiontothisworkisgiven. Anyqueriesonrightsandlicenses,includingsubsidiaryrights,shouldbeaddressedtoWorldBankPublications. CoverIllustration:LuloLabSASTypesetting:LuloLabSAS SYNTHESISREPORT 3 SYNTHESISREPORT3 Acknowledgements ThisworkwasgenerouslysupportedbytheStateandPeacebuildingFund(SPF).TheStateandPeacebuilding2.0UmbrellaTrustFund(SPF2.0)isaglobalmulti-donorfundadministeredbytheWorldBankthatworkswithpartnerstoaddressthedriversandimpactsoffragility,conflict,andviolence(FCV)andstrengthentheresilienceofcountriesandaffectedpopulations,communities,andinstitutions.TheSPF2.0iskindlysupportedby:Denmark,Germany,Netherlands,Norway,Sweden,andSwitzerland. ThisreportwaspreparedbyamultidisciplinaryWorldBankGroupteamledbyAnaI.Aguilera(SeniorSocialDevelopmentSpecialist),DianaJ.Arango(SeniorSocialDevelopmentSpecialist)andManuelContrerasUrbina(SeniorGenderSpecialist),withcontributionsfromCarlosMuúozBurgos(CrimeandViolencePreventionSpecialist),GiselleMarieBello(SocialDevelopmentSpecialist),LorenaLevanoGavidia(SocialDevelopmentSpecialist)MinJaegal(GISSpecialist),MarcelaGonzalez(ProgramAssistant),andVanessaMarin(ProgramAssistant).Inaddition,theteamhadthesupportoftheCountryOfficeteamsinCostaRica,ElSalvador,Guatemala,Honduras,andPanamathroughouttheimplementationofthetechnicalassistance. TheteamisgratefulfortheguidanceandsupportreceivedfromMichelKerf(Director,CentralAmerica&theDominicanRepublic),JoelleDehasse(OperationsManager),MariaGonzalezdeAsis(PracticeManager,SocialSustainabilityandInclusion),KinnonScott(ResidentRepresentative,NicaraguaandHonduras),CarineClert(CountryManager,ElSalvadorandCostaRica),MarcoScuriatti(ResidentRepresentative,Guatemala),andAlexandriaValerio(ResidentRepresentative,DominicanRepublic)fortheirtechnicalcontributionsandexperience. TheworkwascarriedoutincollaborationwithFLACSOCostaRica,theInternationalOrganizationforMigration(IOM),andtheUnitedNationsHighCommissionerforRefugees(UNHCR),ledbyJoseSamaniego(DirectoroftheRegionalBureaufortheAmericas,UNHCR),IsabelMarquez(DeputyDirectorRegionalBureaufortheAmericas,UNHCR),MiltonMoreno(UNHCR´sRepresentativeinCostaRica),LauraAlmirall(UNHCR´sRepresentativeinElSalvador),andAndresCelis(UNHCR´sRepresentativeinHonduras). TheteamisappreciativeforthepartnershipbetweentheWorldBank,IOM,andUNHCR,andinparticular,toRaulSoto(RegionalMigrationDataCoordinator,IOM),SofiaArce(DataandGeographicInformationAnalyst,IOM),KarlaPicado(InformationManagementSpecialist,IOM),EstelaAragon(ResearchOfficer),CraigLoschmann(Economist,RegionalBureaufortheAmericas,UNHCR),IrvingPerez(ExternalRelationsOfficer,UNHCR),ValeriaLentini(UNHCR,CostaRica),ValentinaDuque(RegionalGBVOfficer,UNHCR),MariaJoséMerinoAcuúa(SeniorProtectionAssistant,IOMCostaRica),MelissaJohns(SeniorDevelopmentAdvisor,UNHCR),AlbaAlonso(GBVOfficer),RitaCowley-Ornelas(ProtectionOfficer,UNHCRElSalvador),TamaraStupalova(AssociateInformationManager,UNCHRElSalvador),FlorBelloso(AssistantProtectionOfficer,UNHCRElSalvador),RudyMartinez(SeniorInformationManagementAssistant,IOM),JosueRaulPerez(InformationManagementAssistant,IOMGuatemala),XavierOliero(ChiefofPrograms,OIMGuatemala),PaolaAlejandraMariaEstrada SYNTHESISREPORT 4 Sosa(SeniorCommunityBasedProtectionAssistant,UNHCRGuatemala),AndrésCelis(Representative,UNHCRHonduras/CostaRica),JoseBarrena(SeniorOperationsOfficer,UNHCRHonduras),andVanessaVaca(AssociateProtectionOfficer,UNHCRHonduras). Theanalysiswasenrichedbydialogueswiththefollowinginstitutions:MinistryofHealthofCostaRica,AlbergueSolidario(CostaRica),CENDEROS–Upala(CostaRica),MinistryofHealthofElSalvador,AlbergueCONCAVIStrans(LGBTIQ+)(ElSalvador),AyudaenAcción(ElSalvador),CasadelMigranteScalabrini(ElSalvador),CruzRoja(ElSalv