热门搜索：

2024年西北欧氢气监测（英）

电气设备2024-01-10-国际能源署晓***

AI智能总结

Northwest European Hydrogen Monitor 2024

Executive Summary

Low-Emissions Hydrogen's Role in Decarbonization

Significance: Low-emissions hydrogen plays a crucial role in decarbonizing existing energy systems and is pivotal for meeting energy and climate targets.
Geographical Focus: Northwest Europe leads in low-emissions hydrogen development, accounting for nearly half of Europe's hydrogen demand. Its abundant renewable energy resources and established gas infrastructure offer opportunities for hydrogen transmission and distribution.

Policy and Regulation

Strategies and Targets: Countries are adopting clear hydrogen strategies with medium- and long-term targets to guide market development.
Target Increases: Following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, several Northwest European countries have doubled their hydrogen production targets, reflecting heightened interest in domestic energy security.
Regulatory Frameworks: Northwest European countries and the European Union have advanced regulatory frameworks for low-emissions hydrogen, focusing on investment certainty and facilitating cross-border trade.

Hydrogen Demand and Supply

Production Capacity: By 2030, Northwest European countries aim to develop up to 30 to 40 gigawatts (GW) of electrolyzer capacity, aiming for substantial production.
Demand Shift: While the focus remains on upscaling hydrogen production, there is growing attention to stimulating demand.
Supply Breakdown: Electrolytic hydrogen supply is projected to contribute 55% of total low-emissions hydrogen production, with fossil fuel-based hydrogen (utilizing carbon capture, utilization, and storage) accounting for 45%.

Market Dynamics

Market Size: By 2030, Northwest European hydrogen production could reach just above 7 million tonnes, contributing approximately 2% of the region's total primary energy demand.
Geographical Distribution: The UK, the Netherlands, Denmark, and Germany are expected to lead in low-emissions hydrogen production, collectively accounting for three-quarters of the regional output.

Challenges and Opportunities

Advanced Projects: Less than 4% of potential low-emissions hydrogen projects by 2030 are in advanced stages of development, highlighting the need for continued investment and policy support.
Inflation and Cost Increases: Recent market developments and cost increases may prompt countries to adjust their targets, emphasizing the importance of cost-efficient development strategies.

This report underscores the pivotal role of low-emissions hydrogen in the energy transition of Northwest Europe, detailing the region's ambitions, challenges, and opportunities in harnessing its potential for sustainable energy solutions.

NorthwestEuropeanHydrogenMonitor2024 INTERNATIONALENERGYAGENCY TheIEAexaminesthefullspectrumofenergyissuesincludingoil,gasandcoalsupplyanddemand,renewableenergytechnologies,electricitymarkets,energyefficiency,accesstoenergy,demandsidemanagementandmuchmore.Throughitswork,theIEAadvocatespoliciesthatwillenhancethereliability,affordabilityandsustainabilityofenergyinits31membercountries,13associationcountriesandbeyond. Thispublicationandanymapincludedhereinarewithoutprejudicetothestatusoforsovereigntyoveranyterritory,tothedelimitationofinternationalfrontiersandboundariesandtothenameofanyterritory,cityorarea. Source:IEA. InternationalEnergyAgencyWebsite:www.iea.org IEAmembercountries: AustraliaAustriaBelgiumCanada CzechRepublicDenmarkEstonia FinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyJapanKoreaLithuania LuxembourgMexicoNetherlandsNewZealandNorwayPolandPortugal SlovakRepublic SpainSwedenSwitzerland RepublicofTürkiyeUnitedKingdomUnitedStates TheEuropeanCommissionalsoparticipatesintheworkoftheIEA IEAassociationcountries: ArgentinaBrazilChinaEgyptIndiaIndonesiaKenyaMoroccoSenegalSingapore SouthAfricaThailandUkraine Abstract NorthwestEuropeanHydrogenMonitor2024 Abstract NorthwestEuropeisattheforefrontoflow-emissionshydrogen1development.ThisregionaccountsforaroundhalfofEurope’stotalhydrogendemand,andithasvastanduntappedrenewableenergyandcarbonstoragepotentialintheNorthSea.Italsohasawell-developed,interconnectedgasnetworkwhichcouldbepartiallyrepurposedtofacilitatethetransmissionanddistributionoflow-emissionshydrogenfromproductionsitestodemandcentres. Thedevelopmentoflow-emissionshydrogeninNorthwestEuropecouldgraduallyscaleupintheshort-tomedium-term.NorthwestEuropeancountriesnowhavetheambitiontodevelopupto30to40gigawatts(GW)ofelectrolysercapacityby2030.However,mostlow-emissionshydrogenprojectsarecurrentlyintheearlystagesofdevelopment.Theirsuccesswilldependtoalargeextentonsupportingpoliciesandregulatoryframeworks,withcontinuousmonitoringofprogress.Thecost-efficientdevelopmentoflow-emissionshydrogenmarketswillalsonecessitatearegionalapproachthatmaximisesexistingsynergiesamongnationalmarkets. ThisisthesecondeditionoftheNorthwestEuropeanHydrogenMonitor.Itprovidesanannualupdateoflow-emissionshydrogenmarketdevelopmentsinNorthwestEurope,andistheresultofcollaborationamongthecountriesinvolvedintheHydrogenInitiativeoftheCleanEnergyMinisterial(CEM-H2I)workstreamentitled“RoundtableontheNorth-WestEuropeanRegion”andthehydrogenworkinggroupofthePentalateralForum. ThecountriesanalysedinthisMonitorareAustria,Belgium,Denmark,France,Germany,Luxemburg,theNetherlands,Norway,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom.Marketmonitoringisaccompaniedbyregulardialogueswithkeystakeholderstofacilitatetheexchangeofinformationanddatacollection. IEA.CC.B.Y.4.0. 1Whentheterm“low-emissionshydrogen”isused,theInternationalEnergyAgencyreferstohydrogenproducedviaelectrolysiswheretheelectricityisgeneratedfromalow-emissionsource(renewablesornuclear),biomassorfossilfuelswithcarboncaptureusageandstorage(CCUS). ThisdoesnotnecessarilyreflecttheofficialdefinitionsofthecountriesinvolvedintheMonitoronthecarbonintensityorsustainabilityofhydrogenproductionmethods. IEA.CCBY4.0. Tableofcontents Executivesummary5 Hydrogenpoliciesandregulation10 Subsidyschemesandsupportmechanisms28 Hydrogendemand43 Hydrogensupply53 Productioncostsandpricediscovery63 Hydrogentrade69 Infrastructure78 Annex93 Executivesummary Low-emissionshydrogencanplayasignificantroleindecarbonisingexistinggasandenergysystemsandwillbecriticaltothecountries’effortstomeettheirenergyandclimatetargets.Inadditiontoitsenvironmentalbenefits,low-emissionshydrogencanhelpreducerelianceonfossilfuelimportsinthemedium-term,bolsteringenergysecurity. NorthwestEuropeisattheforefrontoflow-emissionshydrogendevelopment.TheregionaccountsforaroundhalfofEurope’stotalhydrogendemand.IthasvastanduntappedrenewableenergypotentialintheNorthSeaandawell-developed,interconnectedgasnetworkwhichcouldbepartiallyrepurposedtofacilitatethetransmissionanddistributionofrenewableandlow-emissionshydrogenfromproductionsitestodemandcentres. Low-emissionshydrogenisdefinedhereashydrogenproducedviaelectrolysiswheretheelectricityisgeneratedfromalow-emissionssource(renewablesornuclear),biomass,orfossilfuelswithcarboncapture,utilisationandstorage(CCUS).AdetailedoverviewoftheterminologyisprovidedintheAnnex. NorthwestEuropeancountriesareraisingtheirlow-emissionshydrogentargets Adoptingandimplementingclearhydrogenstrategies,includingmedium-andlong-termtargets,isconsideredessentialtoprovidethe necessaryimpetusandguidanceforthedevelopmentofhydrogenmarkets. SinceRussia’sinvasionofUkraine,severalNorthwestEuropeancountrieshavedoubledtheirhydrogenproductiontargets,andothersareconsideringincreases.Themajorityofthecountriesintheregionadoptedproductiontargetsforelectrolytichydrogen,whileNorwayoptedforatechnology-neutralapproach.Altogether,NorthwestEuropeancountriesnowhaveambitiontodevelopasmuchas30to40gigawatts(GW)ofelectrolysercapacityby2030.Nonetheless,recentmark

点击免费查看完整报告