《马达加斯加贫困与公平评估》，2024年2月：应对20年的高度贫困，规划马达加斯加的变革路线（英）

PublicDisclosureAuthorized PublicDisclosureAuthorized PublicDisclosureAuthorized NavigatingTwoDecadesofHighPovertyandChartingaCourseforChangeinMadagascar PovertyandEquityAssessment February2024 Acknowledgments ©2024InternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopment/TheWorldBank 1818HStreetNW,WashingtonDC20433 Telephone:202-473-1000 Internet:www.worldbank.org RightsandPermissions Thematerialinthisworkissubjecttocopyright.BecauseTheWorldBankencouragesdisseminationofitsknowledge,thisworkmaybereproduced,inwholeorinpart,fornoncommercialpurposesaslongasfullattributiontothisworkisgiven. Anyqueriesonrightsandlicenses,includingsubsidiaryrights,shouldbeaddressedtoWorldBankPublications,TheWorldBankGroup,1818HStreetNW,Washington,DC20433,USA; fax:202-522-2625; e-mail:pubrights@worldbank.org. ThisworkisaproductofthestaffoftheWorldBankwithexternalcontributions.Thefindings,interpretations,andconclusionsexpressedinthisworkdonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsofTheWorldBank,itsBoardofExecutiveDirectors,orthegovernmentsthattheyrepresent. TheWorldBankdoesnotguaranteetheaccuracyofthedataincludedinthiswork. ThisreportwaspreparedbyaWorldBankteamledbyFrancisMulangu(SeniorEconomistandTaskTeamLeader,EAEPV)andAnaMariaOviedo(SeniorEconomistandco-TaskTeamLeader,EAEPV)andconsistedofacoreteamincludingAlexandra(Sasha)Jarotschkin(Economist,EAEPV),NobuoYoshida(LeadEconomist,EPVGE)andJavierBaez(LeadEcon-omist,EAEPV).GiovanniVecchi,GiuliaMancini(Consultants,UniversityofRomeTorVergata),FatoumataDieng(Consultant,EAEPV),NyashaKurasha(Consultant,EAEPV),MariaLouisetteRanorovololona(Consult-ant),HaingoRandrianarivony(Consultant),MichaelKeller(Consultant,EAEPV),AmitNga(Consultant),SergeRadert(Consultant,EAEPV),JeanRazafindravonona(Professor,UniversityofAntananarivo),Jean-PascalNguessaNganou(SeniorEconomist,EA1M2),TakaakiMasaki(SeniorEconomist,EPVGE),KoichiIto(Consultant,EAEPV),DavidNewhouse(SeniorEconomist,DECCS),DunstanMatekenye(DataScientist,DECSC),AntsaRaoelijaona(ETconsultant,EA1M2),FaniryRazafimanantsoaHarivelo(SeniorEconomist,EA1M2),MaudJuquois(SeniorHealthEcon-omist,HHNGF),AtsushiIimi(SeniorEconomist,IAFT2),GaelFetrani-ainaRaserijaona(UrbanSpecialist,SAEU2),IbrahimElghandour(PublicSectorSpecialist,EAWG1),StephenD'Alessandro(SeniorAgriculturalEconomist,SAEA2),DanielGerszonMahler(SeniorEconomist,DECID)andSamuelKofiTettehBaah(Economist,DECID)providedkeyinputsandfeedbacktothereport.TheteamisgratefultopeerreviewersGermanCaruso(SeniorEconomist,HHCDR),LeonardoLucchetti(SeniorEconomist,EECPV),TrangVanNguyen(SeniorEconomist,EMNPV),andAndresCastanedaAguilar(Economist,DECID)fortheirinsightfulsug-gestionsduringvariousstagesofthereport. Thereportwaspreparedundertheoverallguidanceandsupervi-sionofZviripayiIdahPswarayiRiddihough(CountryDirector,AFCS2),Marie-ChantalUwanyiligira(CountryDirector,AWCF2),AtouSeck(CountryManager,AEMMG),andPierellaPaci(PracticeManager,EAEPV).Luis-FelipeLopez-Calva(GlobalDirector,EPVDR)providedstrategicguidanceandparticipatedinhigh-leveldiscussionswiththeGovernmentofMadagascarin2023. TheteamwouldliketoexpressgratitudetotheGovernmentofMada-gascarforhelpingtodefinethescopeofwork,sharingdata,providinginputs,andreviewinginitialroundsofrecommendations.Keycounter-partinstitutionsincludeINSTAT(NationalStatisticsInstitute)andtheMinistryofEconomyandFinance.Theteamisgratefultoallcounter-partsfromthegovernment,civilsociety,academiaanddevelopmentpartnerswhosharedtheirinputswiththeWorldBankteamduringcon-sultationsin2023.TheteamisalsogratefultothepeopleofMadagas-carwhogenerouslycontributedtheirtimetosharetheirpersonalstoriesofpovertyandresilienceduringfocusgroupdiscussions,providingtherichqualitativeinformationpresentedinthisreport. ThisPovertyAssessmentissupportedbytheClimateSupportfacilityWhole-of-EconomyProgram,administeredbytheWorldBank. TheteamwouldalsoliketoexpressgratitudetoLiterafortranslationservices,ElizavetaTarasovafordesignwork,DianaStyvanley(Communi-cationsOfficer,AFREC)andAinasoaFelanaRamasy(Consultant,ECRAE)formediaandcommunicationssupport. Listofacronyms ACTPArgentContreTravailProductif BDIBurundi BGDBangladesh CAFCentralAfricanRepublic CECoursÉlémentaire CMCoursMoyen CODDemocraticRepublicofCongo COVIDCoronavirusDisease CPCoursPréparatoire DHSDemographicandHealthSurvey ENSOMD EnquêteNationalesurlesObjectifsMillenairesduDéveloppement(NationalSurveyontheMillenniumDevelopmentGoals) EPMEnquetePermanentauprèsdesMénages EUEuropeanUnion FIDFondsd'InterventionpourleDéveloppement Foibem-pirenenamombanyFikarohanaampiharinaamin’ny FOFIFA FampandrosoananyenyAmbanivohitra(NationalCentreofAppliedResearchandRuralDevelopment) FRAM Fikambanan'nyRayAman-drenin'nyMpianatra(Associationdesparentsd'élèves) GDPGrossDomesticProduct GELGroupementdesExportateursdeLitchi GFFGlobalFinancingFacilityforWomen,ChildrenandAdolescents GISGeographicInformationSystemGRADEGlobalRapidDamageEstimationHCIHumanCapitalIndex HFPSHighFrequencyPulseSurveys HHHousehold HTIHaiti ICTInformationandCommunicationTechnologyIFPRIInternationa