作者:曹晓婧简奖平 邮箱:research@fecr.com.cn 一级市场净融资锐减,二级市场利差整体走阔 ——2022年12月信用债市场运行报告 相关研究报告: 1.《2022年11月利率债市场运行报告》,2022.11.15 2.《2022年11月信用债市场运行报告》,2022.11.14 3.《2022年10月利率债市场运行报告》,2022.11.16 4.《2022年10月信用债市场运行报告》,2022.11.15 5.《2022年9月利率债市场运行报告》,2022.10.17 6.《2022年9月信用债市场运行报告》,2022.10.17 摘要 发行方面,12月份信用债共发行7,029.97亿元,发行规模环比下降。其中,发行量最大的为短期融资券、公司债和中期票据,分别发行3,237.72亿元、 1,936.46亿元和1,307.60亿元。当月取消或推迟发行的信用债有194只,涉及 金额1,200.98亿元。 净融资方面,12月份信用债净融资为-6,125.00亿元,规模缩减至2015年迄今最低水平。10个重点行业中公用事业行业实现净融资最多,净融资额为 482.64亿元;AAA、AA+和AA级主体净融资分别为-4,882.36亿元、-728.74亿元和-453.61亿元;国有企业和非国有企业净融资分别为-5,326.10亿元和- 798.90亿元;城投债和非城投债净融资分别为-1,071.16亿元和-5,053.85亿元。 到期压力方面,截至12月末,未来6个月将有42,975.96亿元信用债到期,到期压力迁移系数为0.79,较上月末下降0.11。分行业看,大部分重点行业信用债未来到期压力环比下降。分企业性质看,国有企业与非国有企业信用债到期压力均环比下降。城投债与非城投债比较方面,城投债和非城投债到期压力均环比下降。 到期收益率方面,12月份中短期票据和城投债二级市场到期收益率均上行。其中3年期的中短期票据到期收益率上行幅度显著大于5年期的中短期票据到期收益率。 信用利差方面,12月份重点行业债券信用利差均上行。不同评级城投债信用利差均上行,AAA级、AA+级和AA级城投债信用利差分别上升43.89BP、70.42BP和102.96BP,AA级利差上行幅度更大,或表明中低资质城投债信用风险分化加大。不同评级城投债信用利差所处百分位数均大幅提升,AAA级、AA+级和AA级城投债信用利差所处2015年以来历史百分位数分别为92%、98%和84%。 12月份,疫情防控政策发生根本性转变,市场对未来经济恢复预期有所提升。地产债方面,尽管“三支箭”政策接踵落地,部分优质民营房企流动性得到实质性缓解,但全国商品房销售市场暂未企稳,需继续关注弱资质房企信用风险。城投债方面,12月30日遵义道桥进行债务重组置换引起市场广泛关注,在地方政府债务“化存量、控增量”的政策基调下,需继续关注尾部城投平台风险。展望未来,随着市场平稳后,一级市场发行规模受前期债券集体取消或推迟发行影响有望快速抬升,高等级产业债信用利差有望率先企稳。 Author:CaoXiaojing,JianJiangpingE-mail:research@fecr.com.cn Thenetfinancingintheprimarymarketdeclinedsharply,andthespreadsinthesecondarymarketgenerallywidened ——December2022China'scorporatebondsmarketoperationreport Summary IntermsoftheissuanceofChina’scorporatebonds,atotalof702.997billionyuanofcorporatebondswereissuedinDecember,andtheissuancescaledecreasedmonth-on-month.Amongthem,theshort-termfinancingbills,corporatebondsandmedium-termnoteswiththelargestissuancevolumewere323.772billionyuan,193.646billionyuanand130.760billionyuanrespectively.Therewere194corporatebondscancelledorpostponedinthismonth,involvinganamountof120.098billionyuan. Intermsofnetfinancing,thenetfinancingofChina’scorporatebondsinDecemberwas-612.500billionyuan,whichshranktoitslowestlevelsince2015.Amongthe10keyindustries,theutilitiesindustryhasachievedthemostnetfinancing,withanetfinancingamountof48.264billionyuan.ThenetfinancingofAAA,AA+andAAlevelentitieswas-488.236billionyuan,-72.874billionyuanand-45.361billionyuanrespectively.Thenetfinancingofstate-ownedenterprisesandnon-state-ownedenterpriseswas-532.610billionyuanand-79.890billionyuanrespectively.ThenetfinancingofLocalGovernmentFinancingVehicle(LGFV)bondsandnon-LGFVbondswas-107.116billionyuanand-505.385billionyuanrespectively. Intermsofmaturitypressure,asoftheendofDecember,4,297.596billionyuanofChina’scorporatebondswillmatureinthenextsixmonths,andthematuritypressuremigrationcoefficientwas0.79,down0.11fromtheendofpreviousmonth.Fromtheperspectiveofindustries,thematuritypressureofmostkeyindustriesdecreasedmonth-on-month.Fromtheperspectiveofenterpriseownership,thematuritypressureofstate-ownedcompanies’bondsandnon-state-ownedcompanies’bondsbothdecreasedmonth-on-month.FromtheperspectiveofLGFVbondsandnon-LGFVbonds,thematuritypressureofLGFVbondsandnon-LGFVbondsbothdecreasedmonth-on-month. Intermsofyieldtomaturity,theyieldstomaturityofshortandmedium-termnotesandLGFVbondsinthesecondarymarketbothincreasedinDecember.Amongthem,theyieldtomaturityof3-yearshort-termbillshasrisensignificantlymorethanthatof5-yearshort-termbills. Intermsofcreditspreads,thecreditspreadsofallkeyindustriesincreasedinDecember.CreditspreadsofLGFVbondswithdifferentratingswidened,andthecreditspreadsofAAA,AA+andAALGFVbondsincreasedby43.89BP,70.42BPand102.96BPrespectively,thecreditspreadofAALGFVbondshasrisenmore,whichmayindicatethatthecreditriskdifferentiationoflow-andmedium-qualifiedLGFVbondshasincreased.ThepercentilesofthecreditspreadsofLGFVbondswithdifferentratingshaveallincreasedsignificantly,AAA,AA+andAALGFVbondspreadsareathistoriclevelsof92%,98%and84%since2015respectively. InDecember,theepidemicpreventionandcontrolpolicyunderwentafundamentalchange,andthemarket'sexpectationforfutureeconomicrecoveryhasincreased.Intermsofrealestatebonds,althoughthe"threearrows"policyhasbeenimplementedoneafteranother,theliquidityofsomehigh-qualityrealestateenterpriseshasbeensubstantiallyeased,butthetotalsaleofcommercializedbuildingshasnotyetstabilized,thecreditrisksofweaklyqualifiedrealestateenterprisesneedtocontinuetopayattentionto.IntermsofLGFVbonds,ZunyiBridgeandRoad’sdebtrestructuringandreplacementonDecember30hasattractedwidespreadattentioninthemarket.Underthepolicytoneof“reducingthestockandcontrollingtheincrease”oflocalgovernmentdebt,itisnecessarytocontinuetopayattentiontotheriskofthetailLGFVs.Lookingforward,asthemarketstabilizes,thescaleofissuanceintheprimarymarketisexpectedtoincreaserapidlyduetothecollectivecancellationorpostponementofissuanceofpreviousbonds,andthecreditspreadsofhigh-gradeindustrialbondsareexpectedtotaketheleadinstabilizing. 目录 一、信用债市场运行2 (一)一级市场2 1.信用债净融资额缩减至2015年迄今最低水平2 2.AAA级主体净融资大幅回落,国有企业融资大幅净流出3 3.信用债总体到期压力环比下降7 (二)二级市场9 1.信用债成交活跃,券种以中期票据、公司债为