未来保障长寿经济：创新与关键趋势

Future-Proofing theLongevity Economy:Innovations and Key TrendsW H I T EP A P E R M A R C H2 0 2 5 Contents Foreword3Executive summary4Introduction51Building resilient public retirement systems81.1The case for action91.2Understanding the challenges91.3Spotlights on innovation111.4A path forward132From accumulation to decumulation142.1The case for action152.2Understanding the challenges162.3Spotlights on innovation182.4A path forward20Feature: Technology and AI in the longevity economy213Role of employers in financial well-being233.1The case for action243.2Understanding the challenges253.3Spotlights on innovation263.4A path forward28Feature: Extreme heat, climate change and the longevity economy294Economics of caregiving and long-term care314.1The case for action324.2Understanding the challenges324.3Spotlights on innovation344.4A path forward36Feature: The future of the longevity economy375Pathways for economic growth395.1The case for action405.2Understanding the challenges415.3Spotlights on innovation425.4A path forward44Actions for impact45Conclusion49Contributors50Endnotes53 DisclaimerThis document is published by the World Economic Forum as a contribution to a project, insight area or interaction. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are the resultof a collaborative process facilitated and endorsed by the World Economic Forum but whoseresults do not necessarily represent the views of the World Economic Forum, nor the entirety ofits Members, Partners or other stakeholders. In this paper, many areas of innovation have been highlighted with the potential to supportthe longevity economy transition. The fact that a particular company or product is highlightedin this paper does not represent an endorsement or recommendation on behalf of the WorldEconomic Forum or Mercer, and should not be relied on for such purposes. Foreword Haleh NazeriLead, Longevity Economy,World Economic Forum Graham PearceSenior Partner,Global Defined BenefitSegment Leader, Mercer The world appears increasingly fragmented, butone universal reality connects us all – ageing.Across the world, people are living longer than pastgenerations, in some cases by up to 20 years. Thislongevity shift, coupled with declining birth rates,is reshaping economies, workforces and financialsystems, with profound implications for individuals,businesses and governments alike. and individuals in the years ahead. It alsoshowcases innovative solutions that are alreadybeing implemented by countries, businesses andorganizations to prepare for the future. While the challenges are significant, they also presentan opportunity to develop systems that are moreinclusive, equitable, resilient and sustainable for thelong term. This is a chance to strengthen pensionsystems and social protections, not only for thosewho have traditionally benefited, but also for thosewho were left out of social contracts the first time. As countries transform, the systems that underpinthem must also evolve. Today’s reality includes awidening gap between healthspan and lifespan, theemergence of a multigenerational workforce withfive generations working side by side, and the needfor stronger intergenerational collaboration. We are grateful to our multistakeholder consortiumof leaders across business, the public sector,civil society and academia for their contributions,inputs and collaboration on this report. We lookforward to seeing how others will continue tobuild on these innovative ideas to future-proofthe longevity economy for a brighter and moreprosperous tomorrow. One of the most important topics to considerduring this demographic transition is the economicimplications of longer lives. This paper highlightsfive key trends that will influence and shape thefinancial resilience of institutions, governments Executive summary The world is at a pivotal moment in itsdemographic transition. More than one in four people worldwide now residein a country where the population has alreadypeaked in size, signalling a profound shift in labourmarkets and economic systems.1Meanwhile, globallife expectancy has increased significantly over thepast century; however, this progress masks starkdisparities – life expectancy can exceed 80 years inhigh-income countries yet remain below 60 in somelow-income nations.2As birth rates decline, some ofthe world’s most advanced economies would needto at least double their productivity growth rates tosustain historical improvements in living standards.3 acceleration of technological advances and artificialintelligence, as well as the escalating impact ofclimate change and extreme heat. Taken together,these forces create both an urgent challenge andan unprecedented opportunity to rethink financialresilience and economic participation across all lifestages. Governments, businesses and civil societymust act now to build systems that enable people ofall generations to thrive. Building on the Longevity Economy Principles,this publ