欧盟关于在医疗保健中建立和实施感染预防和控制计划的指导方针提案

ECDCPUBLIC HEALTH GUIDANCE Proposal for EU guidance on theestablishment and implementation of This report of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) was coordinated by AikateriniMougkou. Contributing authorsDana Alsaialy, Sarah Earnshaw Blomquist, John Kinsman, Vivian Leung, Aikaterini Mougkou, Lucia Pastore Celentano, Diamantis Plachouras, Svetla Tsolova. AcknowledgementsExpert group: Gabriel Birgand (University of Nantes, France); Michael Borg (Mater Dei Hospital, Malta); Andreea Capilna (Hospital ‘Regina Maria’ Brașov, Romania); Yehuda Carmeli (University of Tel Aviv, Israel); Martin Cormican(University of Galway, Ireland); Sonja Hansen (University of Berlin, Germany); Nico Mutters (University of Bonn,Germany); Elisabeth Presterl (University of Vienna, Austria); Jacqui Reilly (Glasgow Caledonian University,Scotland); Theoklis Zaoutis (University of Athens, Greece); Walter Zingg (University of Zürich, Switzerland), Aliénor Observers:Benedetta Allegranzi (World Health Organization HQ), Ana Paula Coutinho Rehse (World HealthOrganization Regional Office for Europe), Yann Heyer (European Patients’ Forum), Brian Kristensen (Joint Action onAntimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare-Associated Infections (EU-JAMRAI)), Birgitta Lytsy (International The authors wish to acknowledge EU-JAMRAI for their contributions to the preparation of this document. Suggested citation: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Proposal for EU guidance on theestablishment and implementation of infection prevention and control programmes in healthcare. Stockholm:ECDC; 2026. Stockholm, May 2026 ISBN 978-92-9498-852-2doi: 10.2900/5234797Catalogue number TQ-01-25-082-EN-N © European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2026 Contents Abbreviations .............................................................................................................................................................. ivExecutive summary ......................................................................................................................................................1Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................3European Union policy framework on infection prevention and control...........................................................4Purpose and scope....................................................................................................................................5Target audience .......................................................................................................................................5Methods……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………5Limitations and knowledge gaps ...................................................................................................................................6ECDC guidance for the establishment and implementation of infection prevention and control programmes in healthcare 71.National infection prevention and control programmes.......................................................................71.1Ensure effective infection prevention and control governance at national level.................................71.2Uphold infection prevention and control improvement cycles at national level..................................91.3Maintain national infection prevention and control guidelines .........................................................91.4Sustain quality infection prevention and control education and training at national level .................101.5Conduct meaningful surveillance of healthcare-associated infections at national level .....................121.6Implement national policies and procedures for infection prevention and control in healthcarefacilities..................................................................................................................................13 Figures Figure 1. The behaviour change wheel: a framework for characterising and designing behaviour changeinterventions ...............................................................................................................................................28Figure 2. Illustration of WHO’s 5 steps for the application of behavioural science...............................................47Figure 3. The COM-B Model of Behaviour Change ...........................................................................................48 Tables Table 1. Selected IPC process indicators associated with example ‘desired behaviours’ and related barriers andfacilitators ...................................................................................................................................................27Table 2. Suggested audits for IPC adherence..................................................................................................44 Abbreviations