2026年经合组织国家农业环境绩效：主要趋势和见解

Environmental Performanceof Agriculture in OECD KEY TRENDS AND INSIGHTS This work is issued under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD, and does not necessarily reflect the This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty overany territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use ofsuch data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in Please cite this publication as: OECD (2026),Environmental Performance of Agriculture in OECD Countries 2026: Key Trends and Insights, OECD Publishing,Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/5bbd8f58-en. ISBN 978-92-64-80197-4 (PDF)ISBN 978-92-64-83897-0 (HTML) Photo credits:Cover © Glebzter/Shutterstock.com. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html.© OECD 2026 Table ofcontents 1 The OECD agri-environmental indicators 2 Key trends in the environmental performance of agriculture in OECD Membercountries6Natural resource and other input uses6Environmental impacts8 3 About the OECD agri-environmental indicators database16 Scope and coverageData collection and methodologyData accessibility and visualisationFuture developments 18 References FIGURES Figure2.1. Agricultural inputs have grown slower than agricultural outputsFigure2.2. Decreases observed in across major agricultural land area typesFigure2.3. Nutrient surpluses declined in most OECD Members, but at a slowing rate.Figure2.4. Nutrient use efficiency has increased but has plateaued in recent yearsFigure2.5.The overall level of agricultural GHG emissions remained stable over timeFigure2.6. GHG emission intensities have declined over time in OECD Member countriesFigure2.7. Agricultural ammonia emissions decreased in most OECD countriesFigure2.8. Declining farmland bird indices in most OECD Member countries Key findings Over the period 1990–2023, agricultural production in OECD Member countries significantly Overall,thetrendspresented in this reportare consistent with increasing efficiency of production,withdecreasing input use and pollution per unit of output produced.However,despite improvements in OECD Member countries sawseveralpositiveenvironmentaltrendssince 1990.Agricultural outputgrew by33%while agricultural area decreased by almost 11%,and emissions of agriculturalgreenhousegas(GHG)remained relatively stable.These patterns highlight both significantagriculturalproductivity gainsand improvements inGHG emissions per unit of output.Therewere However,progresswasunevenacross indicators.Someagri-environmentalindicatorsimprovedbetween 2013 and 2023,buttheirrate of improvementslowedwhile other indicatorsdeteriorated. More specifically: •Trends in input use show noticeable decreases in fertiliser consumption, especially between2021 and 2023, and anincrease in on-farm energy consumption.•Improvements in nutrient balances per hectare were uneven across OECD Member countriesand nutrients. The median and maximum phosphorous balances declined over time whileremaining in surplus. The maximum nitrogen balance increasedtoover 200kilogrammes perhectare.•Nutrient use efficiency stabilised, with the median nutrient use efficiency ratio remainingaround 0.6 for nitrogen and 0.8 for phosphorus since the mid-2010s.•GHG emission intensityimprovements across OECD Member countries slowed over time, 1TheOECDagri-environmentalindicators In the 1990s, the OECDbegandevelopingindicators of the environmental performance of agricultureamidstincreased attention to the sustainability of the agriculture sector.The OECDagri-environmentalindicators (AEI) provideinternationally comparabledatathatoffera comprehensive, long-term perspectiveof thechanges in resource use and environmentaloutcomesrelated to agriculture.Thedatabasecovers The OECDAEIsprovide a reliable and robust source of datato assessenvironmental performance andinform policyaction.They help review trends,highlight areas of progress,and identify persistentchallenges.They can also help policymakers identify where efforts may be needed to improve the The dataanalysed in this reportshow that, while mostOECD Member countries increased their agriculturalproductionover the 1990-2023 period, the environmental performance of the agriculture sector registeredmixed results.The overall level of GHG emissions from agriculture inOECD Member countries has notdecreased substantially from its 1990level, thoughmany countries haveimprovednutrient managementandreducedGHG emission intensities.Biodiversity loss, as observed in selected countries through the 2 Keytrendsintheenvironmentalperformanceof agriculturein Between 1990 and 2023,total agricultural production inOECDMembercountriesincr