全球AI竞赛与国防新前沿

PwC This publication has been developed in collaboration between Strategy&,PwC's global strategy consulting business, alongside PwC industry andfunction experts. Together, we transform organizations by developingactionable strategies that deliver results. At PwC, our purpose is to build trust in society and solve importantproblems. We’re a network of firms in 156 countries with over 295,000people who are committed to delivering quality in assurance, advisoryand tax services. Find out more and tell us what matters to you byvisiting us at www.pwc.com. PwC refers to the PwC network and/or one or more of its member firms,each of which is a separate legal entity.Please see www.pwc.com/structure for further details. www.pwc.com Contacts GermanyLudwig Biller 'U *eUPaU SchUùdeUPartner and Public SectorEurope Lead,Strategy& Germany ---germar.schroeder@pwc.com 'U 1ils )ùUsteUPartner, Strategy& Germany---nils.foerster@pwc.com Director, Strategy& Germany---ludwig.biller@pwc.com Danny RieneckerManager, PwC Germany---danny.rienecker@pwc.com About the authors Ludwig Billeris a Director at Strategy& Germany, based in Munich. He is a member of thepXblic sectRU pUactice and adYises natiRnal and sXpUanatiRnal deIense RUganisatiRns and 1A72aUPed IRUces +is pUiPaUy IRcXs lies Rn RUgani]atiRnal stUategy and laUge-scale tUansIRUPatiRnswith special expertise in the potential of AI in defense applications. He has a background ininternational relations and security policy and the tech industry. Danny Rieneckeris a Manager in the Public Sector Consulting team at PwC Germany, based in)UanNIXUt :ith a bacNgURXnd as an aeURspace engineeU and  yeaUs RI seUYice in the *eUPanAUPed )RUces, his IRcXs lies especially Rn technical-lRgistical pURMects +e deplRys his pURIRXndtechnical understanding and expertise to advise clients across the defense sector, with a specialfocus on the potential of AI in defense applications. Dr. Nils Försteris a Partner at Strategy& Germany based in Frankfurt am Main and leads the publicsector defense platform in Germany. He specializes in operational excellence and focuses ondigital transformations as well as large procurement programs. He serves national and internationalclients in the defense and security ecosystem. He has a background in economics and organizationaldeYelRpPent and bXilds Rn his e[peUiences as a IRUPeU AiU )RUce RIficeU Dr. Germar Schröderis a Partner with Strategy& Germany based in Frankfurt am Main, leadsStrategy& consulting in public sector in Europe and PwC’s defense growth initiatives in Germany.+is pURMects IRcXs Rn I7 stUategy, innRYatiRn, clRXd, RUgani]atiRn, laUge scale pURgUaPs andRpeUatiRnal e[cellence specifically in deIense and secXUity, in natiRnal as well as inteUnatiRnalclient cRnte[ts +e hRlds a 3h' in physics IURP 0a[-3lancN-InstitXt IRU *UaYitatiRnal 3hysicsAlbeUt-(instein-InstitXt and the 8niYeUsity RI +aPbXUg 7he aXthRUs wRXld liNe tR thanN 0RUit] %eUgdRlt, 3hil %ùttcheU, )UanN 'đUUbecN, &andas )ili],.eUin +aUtPann, SYenMa .iUsch, Sissel /XcNa, and -enniIeU Anne 3Uiebe IRU theiU wRUN whR haYealso contributed to this report. 3Xblished Rn the RccasiRn RI the 0Xnich SecXUity &RnIeUence 0S&  'isclaiPeU 7his UepRUt is nRt an RIficial pXblicatiRn RI the 0S& 7he cRntents RI this papeU dR nRtpXUpRUt tR Ueġect the RpiniRns RU Yiews RI the 0S& and is Peant tR pURYide inpXt tR and stiPXlatethe debate at the MSC. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a defining pillar of modern militaryadvancements that will revolutionize strategic decision-making, sur-veillance, autonomous systems, and logistics. The unprecedentedcapabilities AI offers represent a seismic shift in how nations approachdefense. Future battlefields will be shaped by AI-driven real-time dataprocessing, autonomous decision-making, and multi-domain coordina-tion, establishing these as distinctive features of military superiority.Currently, AI is mainly deployed in smaller, clearly scoped areas with adedicated focus on low-hanging fruits. Larger, more complex and inte-grated systems are not yet broadly deployed. Looking ahead, the most transformative impacts of AI are anticipated in three key areas in theshort term: predictive decision-making, enhancing the capabilities of autonomous systems,and dynamic resource management. Within these domains, AI promises to revolutionizesituational awareness, as well as operational effectiveness and readiness, becoming a criticalforce multiplier. Furthermore, AI is expected to become the first line of national cyber defense. Early adopters, such as the United States and China, who are successfully integrating AI intotheir defense strategies, are already gaining a significant technological and organizationaledge and are expected to dominate the future AI in defense landscape. In contrast, Germanyand other European nations risk falling behind due to fragmented strategies, reg