为什么可持续和循环供应链将胜出

Moving global supply chains into thenew economy Table of contents IntroductionSustainability, the circular economy and circular supply chainsNew rules of the gameThe Eco-Digital EraTMA fourth (or fifth) Industrial Revolution?A new economy...An inevitable change for businesses and managementWhy sustainable and circular supply chains will winAcknowledgementsLegal disclaimer03040607091014151919 Introduction To support decarbonization andenvironmentally friendly practices,governments and institutions haveimplemented several increasinglystringent regulations, standards, andguidelines. As a result, the issues ofsustainability and circularity in supplychains are often perceived by boardsof directors, corporate leaders, andinvestors as compliance obligations,and not as opportunities for valuecreation. It’s time to look atthings differently. Inthis strategic POV, wewill make the casethat sustainable andcircular supply chainsare essential to winningconsistently in the neweconomy of the 21stcentury – and thatcollective effort is notonly desirable, butmutually beneficial. The global economy has experiencedsignificant changes in the pastfew decades. It’s not often thatbusinesses have been exposedto such a constellation of dangerand opportunity. The rise of thepost-industrial economy with itscombination of disruptive markets,advanced production processes,quantum leaps in computing power,instantaneous global networking,and brave new frontiers in artificialintelligence, have made the job ofmanaging modern corporations andglobal supply chains less and lessabout traditional management skillsand more about visionary leadership. Sustainability, thecircular economy andcircular supply chains How do sustainability and thecircular economy interrelate?Sustainability usually comprisesthree factors – “economic,” “social,”and “environmental” – as well as theaspiration for “resilient businessesin a sustainable world.” The need toaddress pressing global issues such asclimate change and extreme povertyhave brought social and environmentalresponsibility to the highest levels ofattention and priority. As a result, society has taken actionto reduce and ultimately eliminatenegative environmental and socialimpacts, including advancing theconcept of a circular economy. “The Circular Economy” is a systemwhere materials never become wasteand nature is regenerated. In a CircularEconomy, products and materials arekept in circulation through processeslike maintenance, reuse, refurbishment,remanufacture, recycling, andcomposting. The circular economytackles climate change and other globalchallenges, like biodiversity loss, waste,and pollution, by decoupling economicactivity from the consumption of finiteresources. linked to the production of productsand food, and to their related valuechains/supply chains.2Therefore,a circular economy is vital to addressenvironmental sustainability. Circular Economy is a resilient systemthat is good for business, people, andthe environment.”1[For illustrationrefer to BOX 1 – The Butterfly Diagram]. The circular economy is based onthree principles, driven by design: Specifically, sustainability andcircularity are primarily interrelatedin environmental terms, sincewaste, pollution, and energy andresource utilization have a significantenvironmental impact. For example,approximately 45% of total globalgreenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are Circular supply chains take a broadersystemic approach, addressing bothproduct design and business models,as well as extending supply chainmanagement beyond the point of saleto circularity loops such as reuse andremanufacturing. • Eliminate waste and pollution,• Circulate products and materials (attheir highest value),• Regenerate nature. Underpinned by a transition torenewable energy and materials, the SOURCEEllen MacArthur Foundation cycle and the biological cycle.In the technical cycle, products andmaterials are kept in circulationthrough processes such as reuse, repair,remanufacture, and recycling. In the biological cycle, the nutrients frombiodegradable materials are returned tothe Earth to regenerate nature. The circular economy system diagram,known as The Butterfly Diagram,illustrates the continuous flow ofmaterials in a circular economy. There aretwo main cycles – the technical New rulesof the game How different is the new economyfrom its industrial predecessor?The speed of innovation in thenew economy is breath-taking:it accelerates much more rapidlythan the industrial model, leavinglittle room for error. In addition,the competitive arena is fierce withconstant crisis and disruptions.Importantly, the new engines ofgrowth have shifted the focus ofmodern capitalism from physicalcapital (machines) to human capital(skilled people) and raised theimportance of natural capital (limitedraw materials and resources). This hastransferred the focus of competitiveadvantage from mechanical valuedrivers to the unlimited capacity toinnovate and to adapt (human orartificial