海上风电开发计划：罗马尼亚海上风电路线图（英）2024

Offshore Wind Roadmap for Romania

Acknowledgements and Executive Summary

The document was produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. It outlines the potential for offshore wind energy in Romania, focusing on both low and high growth scenarios.

Renewable Energy in Europe and Romania

The report discusses the broader context of renewable energy in Europe and specifically in Romania, highlighting the country's current energy landscape and the opportunities for offshore wind.

Opportunity and Potential Impact of Offshore Wind in Romania

Offshore wind has significant potential to transform Romania’s energy sector. The report presents two scenarios: a low growth scenario and a high growth scenario, each with distinct outcomes.

Low Growth Scenario

• Development Areas: Limited focus on specific areas.
• Electricity Mix: A small percentage of electricity generated from offshore wind.
• Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE): Higher costs compared to the high growth scenario.
• Supply Chain and Economic Impact: Limited job creation and economic benefits.
• Transmission and Port Infrastructure: Minimal infrastructure development.
• Environment and Social Impacts: Lower environmental and social impacts.
• Finance and Procurement: Limited financing and procurement opportunities.
• Actions to Deliver the Low Growth Scenario: Specific actions needed to achieve this scenario.
• SWOT Analysis: Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in the low growth scenario.

High Growth Scenario

• Development Areas: Greater focus on specific areas, with more extensive development.
• Electricity Mix: Higher percentage of electricity generated from offshore wind.
• Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE): Lower costs due to economies of scale.
• Supply Chain and Economic Impact: Significant job creation and economic benefits.
• Transmission and Port Infrastructure: Extensive infrastructure development.
• Environment and Social Impacts: Higher environmental and social benefits.
• Finance and Procurement: More robust financing and procurement mechanisms.
• Actions to Deliver the High Growth Scenario: Specific actions needed to achieve this scenario.
• SWOT Analysis: Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in the high growth scenario.

Roadmap for Offshore Wind in Romania

• Rationale for Key Roadmap Recommendations: Importance of the roadmap and its recommendations.
• Vision and Volume Targets: Clear goals and targets for offshore wind development.
• Partnerships: Collaboration among various stakeholders.
• Marine Spatial Planning, Exploration Licenses, Leasing, and Offtake Frameworks: Detailed steps for planning and licensing.
• Permitting: Steps for obtaining necessary permits.
• Finance: Financial mechanisms and funding options.
• Grid Connection and Transmission Network: Infrastructure requirements.
• Port Infrastructure: Development needs for ports.
• Supply Chain Development: Building local supply chains.
• Hydrogen: Role of hydrogen in the energy mix.
• Health and Safety Standards and Regulations: Ensuring safety and compliance.
• Skills and Gender Equality: Training and workforce development.
• Roadmap Summaries: Summary of the roadmap and key actions.

Supporting Information

• Spatial Planning: Purpose, method, and recommendations.
• Cost of Energy: Purpose, method, and results.
• Supply Chain Analysis: Purpose, method, and results.
• Jobs and Economic Benefit: Purpose, method, and results.
• Gender Aspects: Purpose, method, and results.
• Environmental and Social Considerations: Purpose, method, and results.
• Health and Safety: Purpose, method, and results.
• Leasing and Revenue Frameworks: Purpose, method, and results.
• Permitting: Purpose, method, and results.
• Transmission Infrastructure: Overview and recommendations.
• Hydrogen: Policy and discussion.
• Port Infrastructure: Purpose, method, and results.
• Risk and Bankability: Purpose, method, and results.
• Finance: Purpose, method, and results.
• Public Institutions: Purpose, method, and results.
• Stakeholders: Overview.

Figures and Boxes

• Figures: Various charts and graphs illustrating key data points.
• Boxes: Additional insights and analyses.

Key Data Points

• Electricity Mix: The percentage of electricity generated from offshore wind in both scenarios.
• LCOE: Costs per unit of energy generated from offshore wind.
• Job Creation: Number of jobs created in the low and high growth scenarios.
• Gross Value Added (GVA): Economic benefits in terms of local GVA.
• Infrastructure Development: Extent of port and grid infrastructure development.
• Environmental Impact: Environmental benefits and risks.

This summary provides a comprehensive overview of the potential for offshore wind in Romania, highlighting the differences between low and high growth scenarios and detailing the necessary steps for successful implementation.