2023年美国半导体产业状况SIA2024

2INTRODUCTION3CHIPS IMPLEMENTATION9WORKFORCE AND MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIAL BASE11GOVERNMENTS RACE TO DEVELOP CHIP INCENTIVES15GEOPOLITICAL TENSIONS & THE SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY16THE GLOBAL SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY18SEMICONDUCTOR DEMAND DRIVERS20U.S. INDUSTRY MARKET SHARE21U.S. TECHNOLOGY COMPETITIVENESS24U.S. SEMICONDUCTOR INNOVATION POLICY LANDSCAPE INTRODUCTION SEMICONDUCTORS FORM THE FOUNDATION OF THE DIGITALECONOMY, ENABLING INNOVATIONS THAT MAKE THE WORLDSMARTER, GREENER, MORE EFFICIENT, AND BETTER CONNECTED.WITH UP TO TENS OF BILLIONS OF TRANSISTORS ON A SINGLE CHIP,PRODUCING THESE COMPLEX DEVICES IS A MARVEL OF MODERNTECHNOLOGY, MADE POSSIBLE BY THE SYNCHRONOUS SYNERGY OFHIGHLY ADVANCED RESEARCH, DESIGN, AND MANUFACTURING. In 2023, the semiconductor industry’s importanceto the world continues to grow, as chips become aneven greater presence in the essential technologiesof today—and give rise to the transformativetechnologies of tomorrow. In all, more than 1 trillionsemiconductors were sold globally last year, a total sohigh that if you stacked them one on top of another,they would reach higher into the sky than themaximum cruising altitude for commercial aircraft. Although the future holds tremendous promise forthe semiconductor industry, it also presents a rangeof challenges. U.S.-China tensions continue to impactthe global supply chain, for example, spurring newgovernment controls on sales of chips to China, theworld’s largest semiconductor market. And othersignificant policy challenges remain, including theneed to enact policies to reinforce U.S. leadershipin semiconductor design, strengthen the U.S.semiconductor workforce by reforming America’shigh-skilled immigration and STEM educationsystems, and promote free trade and access toglobal markets. In addition, while the global chipshortage has eased, macroeconomic headwindsand market cyclicality have caused a short-termdownturn in sales, which is projected to lingerthroughout the year. As chip demand rises, countries around the worldhave been ramping up government investmentsto lure semiconductor production and innovationto their shores. In 2022, the U.S. governmentstepped up to meet this challenge, enactingthe landmark CHIPS and Science Act to provideneeded semiconductor research investments andmanufacturing incentives. and reinforce America’seconomy, national security, and supply chains. Despite these challenges, the long-term outlook forthis foundational industry remains strong. That’sbecause moving forward, the world will need moreand better semiconductors to power everything fromappliances and airliners to autonomous cars andartificial intelligence. For society to advance, so toomust chip technology. Since the CHIPS Act was introduced, companies fromaround the world have responded enthusiastically,announcing dozens of new semiconductor ecosystemprojects in the U.S. totaling well over $200 billion inprivate investments. These projects will create tensof thousands of direct jobs in the semiconductorecosystem and will support hundreds of thousandsof additional jobs throughout the U.S. economy.Implementation of the CHIPS Act has begun inearnest in 2023, and SIA seeks to play a constructiverole to ensure the new law returns maximum benefitsfor America’s economy, national security, and supplychain resilience. In 2023, with effective government policies andcontinued hard work and ingenuity in our industry,the semiconductor sector will continue to grow,innovate, and build a brighter future for the world. CHIPSIMPLEMENTATION Enactment of the CHIPS and Science Act in August 2022 was an historicstep toward reinvigorating semiconductor production and innovation in theU.S. This year, implementation of the new law has begun in earnest, andthe U.S. Department of Commerce has made great strides in this process.The CHIPS Program Office (CPO) released its first Notice of FundingOpportunity (NOFO) in March, providing semiconductor companies with theinformation needed to submit applications to receive CHIPS incentives toconstruct or expand commercial fabrication facilities, including for leading-edge semiconductors, current-generation and mature nodes, and back-endmanufacturing processes. The CPO released a second funding opportunityfor projects over $300 million involving the manufacturing of semiconductormanufacturing equipment and materials in June. A funding opportunity forsupply chain projects below $300 million is expected in the fall. A final NOFOfor projects involving R&D facilities will be released in the fall. CHIPS INVESTMENTS The Commerce Department announced that as of May 2023, it had received over 400 statements of interest(SOIs) for CHIPS projects, reflecting the expansive interest in the CHIPS incentives program across the wholesupply chain. Since the introduction of the CHIPS Act in 2020, dozens of projects across 20 states have beenannounced, resulting in well over $200 billion of investment. These projects will create tens of thousand