2024年可持续发展目标报告

TheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsReport 2024 Contents Goal1 Goal2 Goal3 Goal4 Goal5 Goal6 Goal7 Goal8 Goal9 Goal10 Goal11 Goal12 Goal13 Goal14 Goal15 Goal16 Goal17 Foreword2 Introduction3 Unlockingthepowerofdata4 Nopoverty8 Zerohunger10 Goodhealthandwell-being12 Qualityeducation16 Genderequality18 Cleanwaterandsanitation20 Affordableandcleanenergy22 Decentworkandeconomicgrowth24 Industry,innovationandinfrastructure26 Reducedinequalities28 Sustainablecitiesandcommunities30 Responsibleconsumptionandproduction32 Climateaction34 Lifebelowwater36 Lifeonland38 Peace,justiceandstronginstitutions40 PartnershipsfortheGoals42 SDGprogressbytarget44 Notetothereader46 TheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsReport2024 Foreword TheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsReport2024makesforsoberingreading. Itfindsthatonly17percentoftheSDGtargetsareontrack,nearlyhalfareshowingminimalormoderateprogress,andprogressonoveronethirdhasstalledorevenregressed. ThescarringeffectsoftheCOVID-19pandemic,escalatingconflicts,geopoliticaltensions,andgrowingclimatechaosarehittingSDGprogresshard. Furthermore,systemicdeficienciesandinequitiesintheglobaleconomicandfinancialsystemleavedevelopingcountriestotackleenormousandgrowingchallengeswithonlyafractionoftheinternationalsupporttheyneedanddeserve. Inequalitieskeepgrowing.Theclimatecrisiscontinuestoescalate.Biodiversitylossisaccelerating.Progresstowardsgenderequalityremainsdisappointing.AndconflictsinUkraine,Gaza,Sudanandbeyondhaveleftanunprecedented120millionforciblydisplacedpeopleworldwide. Thissituationisnotgoingtoimproveonitsown:developingcountries,asawhole,facetheworstmedium-termeconomicoutlookinageneration. Againstthisbackdrop,thesteadfastunityofgovernmentsbehindthe2030Agenda,asdemonstratedattheSDGSummitinSeptember2023,offersaglimmerofhope. TheircommitmenttorescuetheSDGsandtodeliveranSDGStimulushasgeneratedfreshimpetusbehindtheGoals. Thisreportalsohighlightsthatdespitedeeplyworryingtrends,progressisbeingmade–withreductionsinchildmortality,HIVinfections,andthecostofremittancesandimprovementsinaccesstowater,sanitation,energy,andmobilebroadband. Toturnthesegreenshootsintoacceleratedandtransformativeprogress,bolderactionsarerequired: First,weneedpeace. Wemustresolveongoingarmedconflictsthroughdialogueanddiplomacy,andpreventfutureconflictsbyupholdingtheprinciplesandvaluesoftheCharteroftheUnitedNations. Second,weneedsolidarity. Developingcountriesurgentlyrequiremorefinancialresourcesandfiscalspace.Wemustreformtheoutdated,dysfunctionalandunfairinternationalfinancialarchitecturetofacilitatefargreaterinvestmentintheSDGs. Third,weneedasurgeinimplementation. Massiveinvestmentandmoreeffectivepartnershipsareneededtodrivecriticaltransitionsacrossfood,energy,digitalconnectivityandmore,unlockingprogressrightacrosstheGoals. Andunderpinningalloureffortsmustbeamoreconcertedefforttodismantlegenderbarriersandempowerallwomenandgirls–becausewecannotexpecttoachievetheGoalswithoutgenderequality. Thisreporthighlightstheurgentneedforstrongerandmoreeffectiveinternationalcooperationtomaximizeprogressstartingnow. Thisyear’sSummitoftheFutureprovidesavitalopportunity,pavingthewayforfurtherbreakthroughsattheFinancingforDevelopmentconferenceandWorldSocialSummitin2025. Withmorethansixyearsleft,wemustnotletuponour2030promisetoendpoverty,protecttheplanetandleavenoonebehind. AntónioGuterresSecretary-GeneraloftheUnitedNations Introduction Apromiseinperil LastSeptember,HeadsofStateandGovernmentgatheredinNewYorkfortheSDGSummittoreviewprogresstowardstheSustainableDevelopmentGoals(SDGs)anddeliberateonareasrequiringacceleration.Crucially,theyreaffirmedtheircommitmenttotheSDGs,agreeingontheneedforurgent,ambitiousandtransformativeeffortstoachievetheGoalsinfullby2030.InthepoliticaldeclarationadoptedbytheGeneralAssembly,MemberStatesrecognizedthat“theachievementoftheSDGsisinperil”andstatedtheirdetermination“tomakealleffortstoimplementthe2030AgendaandachievetheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsbythetargetyearof2030”. Nearlyayearlater,intensifying,interconnectedchallengescontinuetoendangertherealizationoftheSDGsbythe2030deadline.TheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsReport2024revealsthatprogresshasgroundtoahaltorbeenreversedacrossmultiplefronts,despitereaffirmedpledges.ThelingeringimpactsofCOVID-19,compoundedbyconflicts,climateshocksandeconomicturmoil,haveaggravatedexistinginequalities.Anadditional23millionpeoplewerepushedintoextremepovertyandover100millionmoresufferedfromhungerin2022comparedto2019.Whilesomehealthtargetsimproved,overallglobalhealthprogresshasdeceleratedalarmingly since2015.TheCOVID-19pandemichasundonenearly10yearsofprogressonlifeexpectancy.Education,thebedrockofsustainabledevelopment,remainsgravelythreatenedasmanycountriesseedeclinesinstudentmathandreadingskills,jeopardizingcorecompetenciesthatwilldeterminefutureprosperity. Aworldingreatupheaval Aroundtheworld,warsareupendingmillionsoflives,drivingthehighestnumberofrefugees(37.4million)andforciblydisplacedpeople(nearly120million)everrecorded.Civiliancasualtiesinarmedconflictsroseby72 percentbetwee