《亚洲发展评论》第41卷第1期（英）2024

AsianDevelopmentReview Volume41·Number1·March2024 SpecialIssueonHealthCapacitytoWorkamongOlderPersonsinAsia YasuyukiSawadaandAikoKikkawa HealthCapacitytoWorkamongOlderPersonsinAsia:KeyFindingsfromaRegionalComparativeStudy AikoKikkawa,TakashiOshio,YasuyukiSawada,SatoshiShimizutani,NaohiroOgawa, AlbertPark,andTetsushiSonobe UnderstandingtheHealthCapacitytoWorkamongOlderPersonsinRuralandUrbanAreasinthePeople’sRepublicofChina ZeyuanChenandAlbertPark OlderPeople’sCapacitytoWorkinIndonesia NiWayanSuriastini,IkaYuliaWijayanti,andDwiOktarina HealthCapacitytoWorkamongOlderJapanesePersons TakashiOshio,SatoshiShimizutani,andAikoKikkawa HealthCapacitytoWorkatOlderAgesintheRepublicofKorea Sang-HyopLee,Cheol-KonPark,HyunKyungKim,andDonghyunPark HealthCapacitytoWorkamongOlderMalaysians NormaMansor,HalimahAwang,andDonghyunPark HealthCapacitytoWorkamongOlderPeopleinThailand JiayingZhao,ChiKinLaw,JohnPiggott,andVasoontaraSbirakosYiengprugsawan HealthCapacitytoWorkamongOlderAdultsinVietNam LongThanhGiang,AikoKikkawa,andDonghyunPark (Continued) WorldScientific EDITOR-IN-CHIEF JOHNGIBSON,UniversityofWaikato MANAGINGEDITOR DONGHYUNPARK,AsianDevelopmentBank ASSOCIATEEDITORS YIJIANG,AsianDevelopmentBankYOTHINJINJARAK,AsianDevelopmentBank SHUTIAN,AsianDevelopmentBank SUJATAVISARIA,HongKongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyandCity,UniversityofLondon EDITORIALTEAMMEMBERS GEMMAESTHERB.ESTRADA,AsianDevelopmentBankORLEEP.VELARDE,AsianDevelopmentBank EDITORIALBOARD KYMANDERSON,UniversityofAdelaidePREMA-CHANDRAATHUKORALA, AustralianNationalUniversity JOHNBEIRNE,AsianDevelopmentBank NEILFOSTER-MCGREGOR,AsianDevelopmentBank SHIN-ICHIFUKUDA,TheUniversityofTokyoRANAHASAN,AsianDevelopmentBankSUNGJINKANG,KoreaUniversity XINMENG,AustralianNationalUniversityAHMEDMUSHFIQMOBARAK,YaleUniversityALBERTPARK,AsianDevelopmentBank DILRAHUT,AsianDevelopmentBankInstitute KRISLERTSAMPHANTHARAK,UniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego KUNALSEN,UNU-WIDERandTheUniversityofManchester KWANHOSHIN,KoreaUniversity TETSUSHISONOBE,AsianDevelopmentBankInstitute DANIELSURYADARMA,AsianDevelopmentBankInstitute AYASUZUKI,TheUniversityofTokyo JOSEPHE.ZVEGLICH,JR.,AsianDevelopmentBank TheAsianDevelopmentReviewisaprofessionaljournalfordisseminatingtheresultsofeconomicanddevelopmentresearchrelevanttoAsia.Thejournalseekshigh-qualitypapersdoneinanempiricallyrigorousway.Articlesareintendedforreadershipamongeconomistsandsocialscientistsingovernment,privatesector,academia,andinternationalorganizations. TheviewsexpressedinthispublicationarethoseoftheauthorsanddonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsandpoliciesoftheAsianDevelopmentBank(ADB),theAsianDevelopmentBankInstitute(ADBI),theADBBoardofGovernors,orthegovernmentstheyrepresent. ADBandADBIdonotguaranteetheaccuracyofthedataincludedinthispublicationandacceptnoresponsibilityforanyconsequenceoftheiruse. Bymakinganydesignationoforreferencetoaparticularterritoryorgeographicareainthisdocument,ADBandADBIdonotintendtomakeanyjudgmentsastothelegalorotherstatusofanyterritoryorarea. PleasedirectalleditorialcorrespondencetotheManagingEditor,AsianDevelopmentReview,EconomicResearchandDevelopmentImpactDepartment,AsianDevelopmentBank,6ADBAvenue,MandaluyongCity,1550MetroManila,Philippines.E-mail:asiandevreview@adb.org. Notes:Inthispublication,\$"referstoUnitedStatesdollars,unlessotherwisestated. ADBrecognizes\China"asthePeople’sRepublicofChina;\HongKong"asHongKong,China; \Korea"and\SouthKorea"astheRepublicofKorea;\Turkey"asTürkiye; \UnitedStatesofAmerica"and\USA"astheUnitedStates;and\Vietnam"asVietNam. Formoreinformation,pleasevisitthewebsiteofthepublicationatwww.adb.org/publications/series/asian-development-review. CONTENTS—(Continued) OpenSubmissions EqualizationthroughthePeople’sRepublicofChina’sIntergovernmentalFiscalSystem:TheEffectivenessofCentralandProvincialTransfers XiaoTanandYingTan CompilingGranularPopulationDataUsingGeospatialInformation KatharinaFenz,ThomasMitterling,ArturoJr.M.Martinez,JosephAlbertNinoM.Bulan,RonLesterS.Durante,MarymellA.Martillan,MildredB.Addawe,andIsabellRoitner-Fransecky AssessingRegionalInequalitiesinKazakhstanthroughWell-Being AndrésRodríguez-Pose,FedericoBartalucci, BakhytzhanKurmanov,GenadiyRau,andKaisarNigmetov EnhancingEnterpriseIntegration:AnalyzingtheImpactsoftheBeltandRoadInitiativeonHigh-QualityDevelopmentinthePeople’sRepublicofChina ZhiyangShen,SongkaiWang,andSuLiu AsianDevelopmentReview Volume41·Number1·March2024 WorldScientific Volume412024Number1 SpecialIssueonHealthCapacitytoWorkamongOlder PersonsinAsia1 YasuyukiSawadaandAikoKikkawa HealthCapacitytoWorkamongOlderPersonsinAsia: KeyFindingsfromaRegionalComparativeStudy5 AikoKikkawa,TakashiOshio,YasuyukiSawada, SatoshiShimizutani,NaohiroOgawa,AlbertPark,andTetsushiSonobe UnderstandingtheHealthCapacitytoWorkamongOlderPersonsinRuralandUrbanAreasinthePeople’s RepublicofChina39 ZeyuanChenandAlbertPark OlderPeople’sCapacitytoWorkinIndonesia69 NiWayanSuriastini,IkaYuliaWijayanti,andDwiOktarina HealthCapacitytoWorkamongOlderJapanesePersons95 TakashiOshio,SatoshiShimizuta