2024光伏组件碳足迹及低碳发展报告

02 01 09 13 19 25 33 39 ᄣि ԝ‰÷ถ ࠼ޚፇॲतഄׂᄽ૾ڦิׂ+; ࠼ޚፇॲ¡ิ№ዜ೺ƒॏݛ݆ ࠼ޚፇॲิ№ዜ೺༐ಇݣӳဆ ࠼ޚፇॲ༐३ಇ༑໭ ᅜ੔ბই༐ݛӄࢅ༐࠶૙ݛ݆ᆌܔƒ቟õ঳fiॺᅱ Ї͉pßᇆᡓᤓԚͧᇆԞgծ|ԝ‰÷ถ ԝ‰÷ถ Ї͉pß˕@ဦᑖະ‡№ฃ7हҭҦҞ 2015ࣩ,ᐆęڅ඘ςęӈܯ͏ᤧ᣶Ėࢼ᳡Ӡ߷ė,ଙњՁ஬ࠩҢहࠢ඘ςęӈކᐲᄁ¡ဦࣻࠢ,¡ဦࣨڠ඘ຕᣎ+ˁӈ҉ඬࣨƒᰫƒѻڑ2?ìЦ,࣪˕ƒຕƒѻڑ1.5?ìЦҨҞă2021ࣩڑƒ№ƒ‰ ׅ˘ᛘᄁĖᐆęڅ඘ςęӈಫ౭Дጕėø26ൊ፹ጕ஬ܯ͏(COP26)[,y͏څ¿AՆ½ਾĖ№ƒ‰ׅ඘ςӠᝣ(GlasgowClimatePact)ė,˕Ϋᬡ1.5?ຕƒᄣƒᄁᖷ߻,ᤀ—൝௑ᆯ7—ዾѬᄣƒQᡰጪچăڑ—ᒨᄁ඘ς෬ဨᄣƒʵ,¡ဦ:ˋጺืͫᄨïଙњᇆ$֎ᄣƒ,࣪ࠩԞࡐԲ $ၮᑖະͲ˕߻ဏᄣƒᄁЙ᩻ଅਜ਼ă$څ ௞Ėࢼ᳡Ӡ߷ėø23ˋ፹ጕ஬,ˮ௞ᖷ߻ Ėࢼ᳡Ӡ߷ėᄁሜ౔№ᛘ$ă$څڑ2020 ࣩ9జ൛ध߿‡7௑ᆯᄁᇆ½ࢆ֎ᇆ$֎ᄣƒ,Ҟ˹ƒ2030ࣩ҉߻ဏᇆ½ࢆ,ҨҞ˹Ԡ2060ࣩ҉߻ဏᇆ$֎ă˕7߻ဏ ᣿—ᄣƒ,$څ᝗Ѫѹ2030ࣩࠩ"ӈ§ᑖະ๎᠗ං᧏ଙƒᒧ25%‡Զ,᮪ၺ.ܱᑖԞၺõᜀలࠋ᧑½ѹ12̚әၞ̶[;ѹ2060ࣩ"ӈ§ᑖະ๎᠗ං᧏ᤀ—൝½ѹ 80%̶[ă pßg|ԝ‰÷ถ ٗ¡൰ጎऐଉݴ‡ઠੂ,$ࡔ⎞¼ഐׯྺ࠼ޚ݀ቛᆅଶ$ă਍ࡔ¿ీᇸਆຕ਍3,$ࡔ࠼ޚጎऐႎሺጎऐଉᆯ2010౎ڦ0.61GW༵ƒ዁2023౎ڦ216.88GW,2023౎$ࡔႎሺጎऐଉሀྺ¡൰ႎሺጎऐଉڦ—ӷ,๟ ¡൰࠼ޚጎऐڦ+ᄲླྀۯ$ì—ăሞfi;ኧ׼.रຍ½پ.ࡀఇࣅڪ:gᅺ໎ൻۯူ,࠼ޚ݀ۉঢ়षႠ׼3༵ƒ,$ઠᆌᆩࡀఇ$ྭ৊—օકٷă ٷ૰݀ቛ࠼ޚ½ᄽ,փQ$ዺƒླྀ৊ీᇸิ½ࢅၩݯ߫ం,ᄺྺঢ়षߛዊଉ݀ቛࠋ၅ഽ৒ۯ૰ă$ࡔ⎞ॽ࠼ޚ ½ᄽଚྺࡔ¿቟୼Ⴀႎ႗½ᄽì—,ሞ½ᄽfi;ᆅڞࢅyׇႴ൱ൻۯڦມዘፕᆩူ,$ࡔ࠼ޚ½ᄽํ၄7੺໏ ݀ቛ,⎞ׯྺ$ࡔሞ¡൰ஹᅟ$ڦ—ٷଋAă 1:2010-2024@(GW) Unit:GW 16% 59%474 6% 18% 50% 411 6% 16% GlobalBemand ME&A Americas EU ຕ਍ઠᇸ:trendforce ࠼ޚፕྺᆌᆩፌׯຄڦ੗$ิీᇸरຍì—,ጎऐࡀఇሞ¡൰ݔྷాLઠԖ݀๕ሺ׊ă¡൰࠼ޚႎሺጎऐଉᆯ2010౎ڦ17.46GW༵ƒ዁2023౎ڦ411GW1,ᇨऺ2024౎¡൰࠼ޚႎሺጎऐඹଉॽ½ڟ474GW2(཮1)ă 23% 24% 4% 258 19% 19% 2% 14% 10% 98 1% 4% 16% 13% 99 14% 113 3% 19%21% 3% 139 20% 17% 3% 173 27% 18% 18% 24% 55% 59% 57% 73% 67% 57% 60% 52% 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023E 2024E 1.https://www.chinca.org/sjtcoc/info/23030921074811 2.https://guangfu.bjx.com.cn/news/20231214/1350108.shtml3.http://www.nea.gov.cn/2023-02/17/c_1310698128.htm Ї͉pßᇆᡓᤓԚͧᇆԞgծ|ԝ‰÷ถ چ2:2023ࣩ$څЇ͉№ྖњ□‡ڛƒᮠ9ࣂ২н($ͦ:̚ᎶЂ)چ3:2023ࣩ$څЇ͉ၺවྖњ□‡ڛ9ࣂ($ͦ:̚ᎶЂ) 1.12% 0.31%Q$0.31% $ę1.74% ‰1.94% fl2.76% 3.67% [$M9.921% 2.0,4% ½12.927% 12.225% 0.62% 0.82% 0.92% 2.05% ½3.59% ‰7.318% .2.46% ß11.629% fl9.725% ஔ૭ెະ:$څలၺ½ⒸᤀњДׯ͏-Ї͉ѣ͏ ᑖະ‡№༆Ԟ้ܨ‡ڛጯ̿ᭁ඲ ᣺ࣩ̆,้ܨyڛᜀలᭁ඲ܐ,˕ $څЇ͉½ⒸњДଙΐ7¢ܯyڛల ᤼ă2022ࣩ$څЇ͉½ⒸњДᮠՆංܐ ᪹226.2%,Ї͉ጯ̿њДᮠ½423.6̚ᎶЂă2023ࣩ$څЇ͉½ⒸњД᧑Նංܐ᪹25%ă$څЇ͉½ⒸњД̶Ї͉ጯ̿ ˕+,ӫ૭7¡ဦЇ͉ጯ̿yڛᄁӞܕI †,М$ൎฦ.Mฦ֎Ꮆฦ௞+ᜭᄁњДᄣᄁژ,ѣѶӫ૭746%.25%֎11%ᄁњД᧑ă ᆡྖњД᧑ܯࣟ[๠ă2023ࣩ$څЇ͉ᆡ ྖњДᮠ˕48.2̚ᎶЂ,Նංʵᬃ4.6%,њД᧑ጕ78̚ྖ,Նංܯࣟ[๠45.6%ăᡌӦ.ᯨెᜬM.½څ̦௞$څᆡྖњД +ᜭyڛ,ӫõњДᮠ72.9%(چ2)ăМ$ ࠢ½څњДᮠᤃ3ˇࣩܯࣟ[๠,ॡᄕƒ ½څ$ßyڛʷனܐ᪹ᄁၺҞᭁ඲̶Q$څЇ͉;ˁڑ˃ӦM№ᠢजJኅٹጀᄁҢા,½څЇ͉½ᑖ੨य½ᤫă૭MฦЇ͉ᛘˁӠ͏(APVIA)֎¡ဦЇ͉ဨ˺͏(GSC)Ԟ‡ᄁ—͂ઈęીњ,ᮌ᝗2023ࣩ ࣩ˃ӦMЇ͉஫ܐ½ᑖࠩ½ѹ3.8GW,Ն ංܐ᪹13%,ڑ$ెᄁ25ࣩЦ,½څԲ$ၮᑖະᜀలӫංᮌ᝗ࠩ½ѹ66%ă2023 ࣩ$څЇ͉ᆡྖࠢflआњДᮠܯࣟ[๠, +ᜭၷƒflआ$ßЇ͉½ᑖ੨य½ܷⒸ3,ƒʵປጯ̿ဎ;ܨ,flआˮflݴܯ᧑ᒤ$څᤀДၺවྖၮ½᝱ܣ,ܯҞ‡ࡄѻ ᤬ቢ½ᑖă $څၺවྖњД᧑ܯࣟ[๠ă2023ࣩ$څၺවྖњДᮠ˕39.4̚ᎶЂ,Նං[ ๠5.2%,њД᧑ጕ39GW,Նංܯࣟ[๠ 69.4%,ࠢß᏶М.flआ.ಃۜ‰.½څ. څ̂څᄁњДᮠę᝗ӫං86.3%(چ3)ă ᬛᅃᇆ$֎ᄣƒᄁᤌ᣺,ß᏶Мᡌెᡌ᧏ ᜴Բ$ၮᑖະ½ˁᄁԞࡐ,࠶М௞Ї͉Ԟၺăڑ$҉څƒژ፽fi෬᮪ᬎҢҒᄁᐷ‰ʵ,ß᏶Мfiƒሜ౔њę—ዾѬ୺ાЇ͉ ½ˁᄁfi;,Ӂ઱᳹Ҭ№ᠢज᝱Ї͉ጯ̿ኅಠ८ѻ᤬ဎ;½ጪ,Նை஁ࠌѣ‡धЇ ͉ၺቚᄁ߮ᜀƒ‰,᣾Ӂ઱ՋᄨЙfiᄣଙΐ᠀fiᛡ᠒ኅҬଇம,࣪ҢᤫЇ͉Ԟၺᜀలࠋ᧑ᄁ੨ܯă $څЇ͉½Ⓒࠢß᏶МyڛᄁњДˮխဏњ௤ğܐ᪹ᡍ½,‰[ѹ2023ࣩø三4आ,ß᏶М$ßጯ̿½ᑖጕ8GW,ѻ᤬ബध̶ᤀДၺවྖ࣪ڑ$ژѻਾጯ̿˕+, ˕¡ဦøДܯጯ̿ၮ½څ,ጄ᝗ᜀల᧑ˮᡋ8GWă൜ܨ,flआࠢƒЇ͉ၺවྖᭁ ඲᧑ᣎܯ,+ᜭԋٹڑƒflआᄣ҉⎞$ጕ30GWᄁЇ͉ጯ̿½ᑖ,࣪ʼ̦ڑҢᤫ੨य,JМ$ßၺවྖ½ᑖʷR10GW,ᭁᜭܯ᧑ᤀД̶໏Rʵປ½ᑖᭁᜭă pßg|ԝ‰÷ถ ౹ዞyׇ๟¡൰ీᇸገ႙ڦଶڞ$,ᄺ๟$ࡔ࠼ޚፇॲ؜Дፌٷyׇăጲ2022౎ܭ$؋཭Ԗ݀ڞዂీᇸLऐ,ᅜQ2021౎7ሆ14Q,౹௑྿ᇵࣷཚࡗ7“३༐55”(Fitfor55)—ફ)ऺ ࣄ,ॽ2030౎੗$ิీᇸሞీᇸ঳ࠓ$቞Բణƒٗ40%༵ߛڟ45%,౹௑࠼ޚyׇ੗$ิీᇸႴ൱ଉሺ,ഄ$ڤࡔ.ဇӬƒ2023-2026౎࠼ޚႎሺጎऐଉ਩$ྭגࡗ50GW,ࢁન.հન.݆ࡔڪࡔ2023-2026౎ႎሺጎऐଉᄺ਩ሞ20GW‡ᆸăኄၵfi;ِ7౹ዞyׇܔ࠼ޚፇॲڦႴ൱,2023౎,$ࡔܔ౹ዞڦ࠼ޚ½Ⓒ؜Дܮגࡗ200ᅢெᇮ,቞$ࡔõ؜Дܮڦ40%ᅜ[(཮4)ă౹ዞyׇڦॏ№থ๴܈ᄺডߛ,Ⴔ൱๴ॏ№հۯᆖၚডၭ,ժ൐౹ዞ$ßڦ࠼ޚ዆ሰׯ$ডߛ,ࠃᆌ૾ॺยᄺႴᄲ้क़,ᅺُ,౹ዞyׇධ඗ᅈડ$ࡔڦ࠼ޚፇॲ,ᇨऺሞ$܌೺ ా,౹ዞධॽ๟$ࡔ࠼ޚፇॲ؜Дڦፌٷyׇă ኵڥጀᅪڦ๟,৑࠶౹ዞ๟$ࡔ࠼ޚፇॲ؜Дڦø—ٷyׇ,ڍሞ2022౎݆ࡔ࠼ޚፇॲ№ƒfiణ$,$ࡔڦyׇݻܮQ቞25%, №ƒ$ࡔሞ౹ዞഄ໱ࡔ¿ڦyׇݻܮă݆ࡔܔ࠼ޚፇॲڦ༐Rगණኤᄲ൱ডߛ,๟ᆖၚ$ࡔ࠼ޚፇॲ৊]݆ࡔyׇڦ+ᄲՄ ૉ,ࢫ3ø;ॽၘဦቛfl༐Rगࢃ໙ևݴڦ༐Մૉాඹă 4:2023$Ⓧ‡9?($?:???) ⁵ᷕ143.837% 㯔◼9.82% 㫓ℨ㓵10.73% Q$12.73% 㺲⠦ℨM12.93% 剶90.123% ⳳ$37.210% $䋬ƒ22.26% flⶥ21.96% ⳳ⛹‰♥13.74% 㮘䅸№ƒ13.33% ຕ਍ઠᇸ:$ࡔऐۉ½Ⓒ৊؜Дฆࣷ-࠼ޚݴࣷ Ї͉pßᇆᡓᤓԚͧᇆԞgծ|ԝ‰÷ถ ᇆᡓᤓĘᤡຉਾ˕Ї͉ጯ̿њ □nЙ᩻ቛ˹Ҟ ᬛᅃЇ͉ᛘˁᄁঃᤫԞࡐ֎څƒࠢ¡ဦęఃᄁЙฃ,Ї͉½ˁᩎ¡ၮֈվధᇆ૽ ஁൛ਾ˕¡ဦfiƒ.;ˁ֎gሺలౕЙฃᄁཛྷAăԞ½څ¿൛ڑ̶½Ⓒၮֈվధƒ̀.ᇆRᤓ˕۪ᆠजቘڅƒ፦$᠖ ௓ܕۅă ၮֈվధƒ̀(Lifecycleassessment,LCA) ௞߷᧑֎߷তѣౙʷՆ½Ⓒၮֈվధ ᣶№ࠢဎ܉्ֵᄁ஬෹,Šęƒ߷½Ⓒၮֈվధ᣶№$ᄁຕࠀ඘ͫ૽஁.ඬᠢະ๎Ꮹ.ᑖະ๎Ꮹኅ஬᭞½Ⓒࠢဎ܉ᄁ ्ֵăJᇆRᤓ(CarbonFootprintofProducts,CFP)௞LCAƒ̀$ဎ܉्ֵᄁ—g,௞ᛝ᧑$½ⒸڑМၮֈվధ᫴№ $ᄧଃੂ᫅ଃ½ၮᄁຕࠀ඘ͫ૽஁᧑ă ᄣ҉:څ⎞ଅњ᧢ࠢЇ͉ጯ̿ᄁᇆRᤓƒ̀ƒ‰,Ί:෹څ.څᄁЇ͉ጯ ̿ᇆRᤓ᝚᝴ᜭ඲;၃M.ਊܯѵᄁЇ ͉ጯ̿ဎ܉½Ⓒø௑(EnvironmentalProductDeclaration,EPD)ᜭ඲;ൎᄡЇ͉ጯ̿Çၰƒ̀ᜲᔬ(Product EnvironmentalFootprintCategoryRules,PEFCR)ኅă Нͫెᄱ,̶ʵڅ¿ᄁᜲ߷ංᣎˈ№: pßg|ԝ‰÷ถ 1/? ݆ࡔٗ2011౎7ሆfl๔ླྀႜ࠼ޚfiణ№ƒऐ዆,ܔ࠼ޚfiణ৊ႜ৪ƒƒࠚă৪ƒƒࠚڦ+ᄲƒ‰๟ॏ߭ࢅ࣍ৣᆖၚᅺ ໎,ഄ$࠼ޚፇॲڦ༐ፁगኵ๟࣍ৣᆖၚᅺ໎ڦዘᄲኸƒăሞõӳྺ100ӳڦ৪ƒƒࠚ$,࣍ৣᆖၚᅺ໎቞ڟፌዕ৪ƒڥӳڦ18-30%ăፇॲ༐ፁगߛ№ࣷᆖၚ№ƒኁڦ$ƒfię.ᅜतۉॏցཌྷڦߛ№,ਏ$№༐ಇݣຕኵڦፇॲׯྺ №ƒኁڦ๯჋ă࠼ޚፇॲڦ༐ፁगኵሁ №,ຫ௽ഄܔ࣍ৣڦᆖၚሁၭ,৪ƒƒ ࠚڦڥӳ৽ሁߛ,ۉॏցཌྷᄺ৽ሁߛă ྺFཥ—ࢅ०ࣅ࠼ޚፇॲڦ༐ፁगƒ ࠚ,݆ࡔీᇸ॔࠶@ᇵࣷ(CRE)዆;F —@०ࣅ༐ƒࠚ(ECS)ݛ݆ăECSݛ݆ ਍࠼ޚፇॲڦ֌ଙׯӳ.዆ሰں;.ӳದဣຕڪᅺ໎,֑ᆩఐණဣຕ݆ईิ №ዜ೺ƒॏ݆(LCA)ઠऺ໙࠼ޚፇॲڦGWPኵăECSݛ݆ڦਏ༹½የࢅᄲ൱ሞCRE݀‡ڦĖfi໿ీ݀ۉยแڦॺยࢅሏᆐ$࠲ڦ№ƒࡀݔ(AOPPE2PVSol)ė(०ƒ“PPE2‡ॲ”)$$ၘဦຫ ௽ăPPE2‡ॲ࣏਍࠼ޚfiణڦࡀఇࢅ ૌ႙,ࡀ;Fփཞڦ༐ፁगኵƒ‰ă ݆ࡔPPE2‡ॲᄺܔփཞࡔ¿ڦ༐ಇᅺƒย;Fఐණኵăူ$ஆଚF࠼ޚፇॲิׂ ߳࣍;ᇱ֌ଙڦ༐ಇᅺƒ,ܔƒ$ࡔ.෌ M݆ࡔ.ڤࡔࢅெࡔ,݆ࡔڦ༐ፁगƒ‰ ֑ᆩFփཞڦఐණᅺƒኵ,ժ൐$ࡔڦᅺƒኵ၂ዸߛƒഄ໱ں;ă ݆ࡔ༐ፁगऺ໙ƒ‰ڦఐණᅺƒኵfi$ ࡔํƒ൧઄$໯؜),ኄڥ$ࡔyᄽ ऺ໙ڦ࠼ޚፇॲڦ༐ፁगgೋߛă޿ƒ ‰;ᅭ$ࡔۉfiᅺƒྺ1.024kgCO2-eq/kWh,$$୯୴ۉڪᅺ໎,]$ࡔÇৗeतeೌ(ኄଇׂ߲ᄽ૾࣍;ሀ቞¡և༐ಇݣଉڦ60-70%)+ᄲิׂyᄽٷࡀఇӳ ‡ሞДج.ሊళڪᅜ຤ۉྺ+ڦ;ᇘ,ཥ —Ӏ$ࡔƒߛڦீۉԲ૩ऺ໙༐ፁगಇݣኵ,ऺ໙঳ࡕࣷߛƒ$ࡔyᄽڦํƒڦ ׂⒸ༐ፁगă]݆ࡔሞऺ໙ெࡔyᄽڦ ༐ಇݣኵ้,֑ᆩFƒྺę૙ڦݛ݆, ெࡔӳׯN߲;ᇘ,ӳ՚ऺ໙փཞ;ᇘyᄽڦ༐ಇݣኵă ُྔ,݆ࡔƒ‰ሞ༐ፁगಇݣऺ໙ࡀሶ $,ܔ໯$yᄽᆩ၎ཞڦ࿿ଙ№)ଉ৊ ႜऺ໙༐ಇݣኵă$ࡔyᄽፇॲ዆Ԣࡗ№ e€ൎߪeೌ$Ⓒ੗ٳ70%,ች໙Tڇྑeࡼሀ3g,ڍ݆ࡔƒ‰ፇॲᇱଙଉች໙Tڇྑeࡼྺ5g,๟$ࡔํƒิׂ൧઄2Ԡ‡ᆸăܔ໯$yᄽᆩ၎ཞڦ ࿿ଙ№)ଉ৊ႜ༐ಇऺ໙,ኄܔ࿿ଙ №)ଉƒ№ڦ$ࡔyᄽ]ę,փޙęิ ׂํƒă ᆯƒࡔƒ༐ፁगƒ‰$ܔ$ࡔ֑ᆩڦఐණᅺƒኵժփྜ¡ޙę$ࡔํƒ,ᅺ ُሞཞڪཉॲူ,$ࡔ࠼ޚׂⒸ༐ಇݣ ຕኵೋߛăࡕ֑ᆩ݆ࡔ༐ፁगऺ໙ƒ‰,ᆩഄఐණڦۉfiᅺƒᅜत№ݣ ֌ଙଉ,1