Smart metering, or advanced systems that can monitor energy use remotely, is becoming increasingly necessary for utilities worldwide due to regulatory pressure. However, the large-scale investment required for implementation, the complexity of deployment, and the potential disruption to commercial operations make careful planning essential. Utilities need to clearly define their goals for smart metering in order to maximize their chances of a successful deployment that will deliver long-term benefits. While smart metering technology has been available for some time, it has only recently gained traction due to changes in economics, market competition, and regulatory environments. The main drivers for smart metering include reducing operational costs and theft levels associated with traditional metering, as seen in Italy and Brazil.