The transportation of carbon dioxide (CO2) is a crucial step in the carbon capture and storage (CCS) process. Pipelines are the most common method for transporting large quantities of CO2, with millions of kilometers of pipelines already in operation worldwide. However, significant investment in infrastructure is required for large-scale deployment. Truck and rail transport are possible for small quantities, but are unlikely to be significant for the long-term. Shipment of CO2 by ship is an alternative option in many regions, with expertise in transporting liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) already developed into a worldwide industry. There is significant experience with CO2 pipeline development and operation, with around 50 pipelines currently operating in the US.
