AI和城市

Al&Cities Risks,Applications andGovernance Mila UNOHABITAT FORABETTERURBANFUTURE Acknowledgements LeadAuthors ShnKosehUni erstedeMontreal), ShazodeJameson(TilburgUnrversty,Milo) GolnooshFarnad(HEC,Milo) DavidRolhick(MeGill,Mila) CatherineRegis(UniverstedeMontreal,Mla) Jean-LouisDenis(UniverstedeMantreol) Authors AmandaLeal,CeciledeBezenoc,GiulioOcchini,goLefebvrs,JoseGallego-Posada,Khaoula oun,ManamMolat Sefola,RebeccaSolganik,SofryoYahaya,Shoghig UNHabitatReterenceGroup Lahoud,Herman eanPiensar,IvanThung,JudthOwigar,KatjoSch Permezel,PouloPennonen-Rebeiro-Horgrove, dryNk MilaCoreTeam BenjaminPrud'homme(co-leod), RoseLandry(co-leod),AnnaJohn(reviewer) UNHabitatCoreTeam AbdinassrShaleSagar(lead)MelissoPermezel(reviewer) Edition AndreaZonin,Daly-Dallaire,Servicesdetraductien Design,Layoutandllustrations SimonL'Archeveque CONTENTS Contents ForewordfromUN-Habitat's3.APPLICATIONSP.19 executivedirectorp.53.1.Appllcationsoverviewp.20 3.2.Energyp.21 ForewordfromValeriePisano,3.2.1.Forecastingelectricitygenerationp.21 PresidentandCEOofMilap.63.2.2.Predictivemaintenanceofexisting 1.INTRODUCTION P.7 infrastructurep.22 3.2.3.Acceleratingexperimentationp.22 3.2.4.Transmissionanddistributionp.23 1.1.Howtoreadthisreportp.9 3.2.5.Systemoptimisationandcontrelp.23 1.2.Guidingframeworksp.10 3.2.6.Forecastingsupplyanddemandp.24 3.2.7.Predictivemointenanceforthetronsmission 2.AIANDCITIESP.11 2.1.WhatisAl?p.12 anddistributionnetworkp.25 3.2.5.Energyuseandefficiencyp.25 2.1.1.whatisresponsibleAl?p.12 2.1.2.whataredifferenttypesofA/2p,12 2.1.3.Deeplearningapplicationssp.14 2.1.4.OpportunitiesforAlincitiesp.14 3.3.Mobilityp.27 3.3.1.Publictransportp.27 3.3.2.Privatetransportp.29 3.3.3.Transportafioninfrastructurep.30 2.1.5.LimitationsofAlp.15 2.2.Governancep.16 2.2.1.Governanceoverviewp.16 3.4.Publicsafetyp.32 3.4.1.Environmentalsafetyp.32 3.4.2.Populationrisksp.34 2.2.2,whygovernoncemattersp.16 2.2.3.Alinthecityp.17 2.2.4.KeychallengesforAlgovernoncep.17 3AI≥CITIES:RISKS,APPLICATIONSANDGOVERNANCE 3.5,waterandwastemanagementp.35 4.RISKFRAMEWORKP.52 4.5.1.Waterp.354.1.Risksoverviewp.53 4.5.2.Wastep.364.2.TheAllifecyclep.54 3.6.Healthcarep.38 4.2.1.Phase1:Framingp.56 4.2.2.Phase2:Designp.65 3.6.1.Healthpromotionanddisease4.2.3.Phese3:Implementationp.70 preventionp.384.2.4,Phase4:Deploymentp.85 3.6.2.Healthsystemandhealthcare4.2.5.Phase5:Mcintenoncep.90organisationp.39 3.6.3.Publichealthsurveillanceofdisease outbrecksp.405.URBANAISTRATEGYP.96 3.7.Urbanplanningp.425.1.UrbanAlstrategyoverviewp.97 3.7.1.Planningandmanagementp.425.2.Startfromthelocalcontextp.98 3.7.2.Neighbourhoodsp.445.3.Prioritisecapacity-buildingp.101 3.7.3.Buildings,publicspacesand5.4.DevelopinnovafiveregulatorytoolsforAlp.102p.105 infrastrueturep.455.5.Fostercross-sectoralcollaborations 3.8.Citygovernancep.495.6.Buildhorizontalintegrationp.107 3.8.1.Enhancedsgcvernmentefficiencyp.49 3.8.2.Engagementwiththepublicp,4s 3.8.3.Informedpolicymakingp.51 6.CONCLUSIONP.109 7.REFERENCESP.111 INTRODUCTION FOREWORDFROMUN-HABITAT'S EXECUTIVEDIRECTOR ArtificialinteligencehasalreadystartedtohaveanimpactItisimportantferlocal(andnational)gcvernmentsto onurbansettingsatanunprecedentedpace,withsophis-reccgnizetherisksassocistedwiththeuseofartificial ticatedsolutionsbeingdeployedinthestreets,atairportsintelligencetihatcanariseasaresultofflawedAldats, ancinothercityinstallations.Infact,citiesarebecomingtoolsandrecognitionsystems.Ourpreferredapproach experimentalsitesfornewformsofartificialintelligence toAlinurbanenvironmentsis=nchoredintheUN's essouoepaddeaeesaifoougauoneornepueUniversalDeclarationofHumanRightsandUN-Habitat's widevanietyofsectorsandplaces.specificmandatetopromoteinclusive,safe,resilientand Thesedevelopments,andemergingpracticessuchas sustainablecities(SDG11).Ourapproachisalignedwith ourpeople-centredandclimate-sensitiveapproachesto oursocietiesstatimewhentheworldisexperiencing innovationandsmartcities,whichseektomakeurban cligitaltransformationworkfortihebenefitofall,driving es:climatechange,theongoingimpacteftheCOVID-19pandemic,accesstobssicurbsnservices,infrsstructure, housing.livelincods,healthandeducation.Atthesame sustainability,inclusivity,prosperityandtherealization ofhumanrightsincitiesandhumansettlements.Ourapproachalsofocusesonaddressingsafetyandurban time,AlandAl-enabledsolutionsarecpeningupnew planningconcernstoensurepeople-centred,safeand appropriatedeplcymentofartificialintelligencewithin cities. significantrisksandchallenges,suchaspotentialbias anddiscrimination,privacyviolationsandotherhumanWithinthisapproach,weemphasisetheimportantrole rightsviolations,inclucingsurveillanceschemes.thatgovernments,particularlylecalauthorities,playin stewardingthenecessaryframeworks,infrastructureand Tosupportcitiesintheireffortstoappropriatelyapply artificialintelligence,UN-Habitasthaspartneredwith MilaQuebecArtificialIntelligenceInstitutetcprovide siblecleploymentanduseofAl-poweredsolutions. reflectionsandguidanceonAlanditsresponsibleuseinThankstoourpartnersstMilaforthe