2024年欧洲国家自行车战略状况报告（第4版）

4thedition Publishing credits AuthorFabian Küster, Director of Advocacy and EU Affairs,f.kuester@ecf.com EditorAnna-Karina Reibold DesignOmer Malak © European Cyclists’ Federation,December2024 This report is also available online at www.ecf.com Executive summary 2024 will go down in European history as the year cycling officially became a core competence of theEU.With the adoption of the European Declaration on Cycling by the European Commission,Parliament, and Council in April 2024, cycling was elevated to a strategic policy priority andrecognizedas a fully-fledged mode of transport. Featuring eight core principles and 36 commitments, this landmarkdeclaration positioned cycling as one of the“most sustainable, accessible and inclusive, low-cost andhealthy forms of transport and recreation, and its key importance for European society and economy.”1 Under the first core principle,“Developing and Strengthening Cycling Policies”,signatories commit to“developing, adopting, and strengthening cycling policies and strategies at all relevant levels ofgovernance.”This represents an additional,explicit pledgethat complementsthe Pan-European MasterPlan for Cycling Promotion adopted in May 2021, to create and implement national cycling strategiesand action plans. Yet, in 2024, Lithuaniastood out asthe onlynewcountry in the pan-European region tohaveadopteda formal national cycling strategy.Several others, including Estonia, Denmark, Greece, and Slovenia,have either initiated or arein the process of developing a (new) national cycling strategy. However, tomeet the objective of the Pan-European Master Plan—which calls for all countries in the region to“develop and implement a national cycling policy, supported by a national cycling plan”by 2030—agreater sense of urgency is required. With only six years remaining until the2030deadline, significant progressstill needsto be made acrossthe 54 European countries covered in this report.This is the current state of play: •14countries have a national cycling strategy.•Fivecountries have a strategy similar to a national cycling strategy in place.•Sevencountries used to have a national cycling strategy,but it has expired and needs updating.•Infivecountries,a first national cycling strategy is under development.•In 23countries,none of the above applies; a national cycling strategyorsimilar document isneither in place nor under development. Most of the countries that have never had a cycling strategy–and are notcurrently in the process ofdeveloping one–are located in theWesternBalkans, the Caucasus,and Central Asia.But our map will also point to Scandinavia as a region where more could and should be done at national level in supportof cycling. Among the19strategies identified(14 NCS + 5 similar documents), interventions on infrastructure (19),investments (16),road safety (15), intermodality (15)as well aseducation, awareness-raising andtraining (15)are among the most popularones. At the otherend of thespectrum, bike theft has beenaddressed in onlyfivestrategies,whiledevelopingan industrial strategywas mentionedin eight. In terms of central government investments in cycling/active mobility, Ireland is the top investor withsome€72 per capita annually, followed by Luxembourg (€52), the Belgian region of Flanders (€48),Scotland (€40) and Slovenia (€23). In 22 countries,annual central government investments are below€10 per capita. Contents Executive summary...............................................................................................................................2Contents...............................................................................................................................................4Introduction...........................................................................................................................................61.What is a national cycling strategy?...............................................................................................72.Overview of the state of national cycling strategies........................................................................92.1 The state in 2024.........................................................................................................................92.2 Duration of the strategies...........................................................................................................122.3 Iterations of strategies...............................................................................................................122.4 Some characteristics of national cycling strategies....................................................................132.5 EuroVelo in National Cycling Strategies....................................................................................152.6 Central government investments...............................................................................................173.National cycling strategies in climate a