宜居的太平洋城市和城镇。聚焦：变革浪潮——太平洋景观中的城市韧性（英）2026

Livable Pacific Cities and Towns:Urbanization Strategies forResilience, Sustainability,and Inclusion © 2026 International Bank for Reconstructionand Development / The World Bank1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank and the Global Facilityfor Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) with external contributions.The sole responsibility of this publication lies with the authors. Thefindings, analysis and conclusions expressed in this document do notnecessarily reflect the views of any individual partner organization of TheWorld Bank (including the European Union), its Board of Directors, or thegovernments they represent, and therefore they are not responsible forany use that may be made of the information contained therein. Although the World Bank and GFDRR make reasonable efforts to ensureall the information presented in this document is correct, its accuracy andintegrity cannot be guaranteed. Use of any data or information from thisdocument is at the user’s own risk and under no circumstances shall theWorld Bank, GFDRR or any of its partners be liable for any loss, damage,liability or expense incurred or suffered which is claimed to result fromreliance on the data contained in this document. The boundaries, colors,denomination, and other information shown in any map in this work donot imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning thelegal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of suchboundaries. Rights and Permissions—The material in this work is subject to copyright.Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge,this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for non-commercialpurposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank. 2026. LivablePacific Cities and Towns. Spotlight: Tides of Change - Urban ResilienceAcross Pacific Landscapes. Washington, DC: The World Bank. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, shouldbe addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 HStreet NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; email: pubrights@worldbank.org Table of Contents Acronyms and AbbreviationsivList of FiguresivList of TablesvAcknowledgementsviIntroduction1From Assessment to Action:Using Diagnostic Tools for Decision-Making3 Part 1:Detailed Multi-hazard Risk Assessments andInvestment Options Mapping Risk and Shaping Resilience:Deep-dive diagnostics of Pacific Island cities8 Honiara, Solomon Islands9 Embedding Resilience in Urban Growth21 Part 2: Critical Hazard Assessment in Pacific Atoll Cities Unique Urbanization in the three Pacific Atoll capitals22Funafuti, Tuvalu25Majuro, Marshall Islands31South Tarawa, Kiribati37Working Toward Resilient Futures in Pacific Atoll Nations42 Part 3: Rapid City Scans Pacific Rapid City Scans: Urban Risk and Opportunity43From Scan to Strategy: Translating Spatial Insights into Action55 Arriving at Solutions for Pacific Cities and Towns56 Acronyms and Abbreviations List of Figures List of Tables Acknowledgments This report was prepared by a World Bank teamled jointly by Jian Vun and Jessica Schmidt andcoauthored by Jeremy Webster and Andres DavidMaglione with inputs from Georgina McArthur,Lachlan McDonald, Doug Ramsay, Yarissa Sommer,and Armando Guzman. The work was conductedunder the guidance of Stephen N. Ndegwa asDivision Director for Papua New Guinea and thePacific Islands Countries, and Björn Philipp andMing Zhang as the World Bank’s East Asia andPacificUrban Disaster Risk Management andLand Practice Managers, with strategic adviceand inputs from Andre Bald and Eric Dickson. wereconducted by the World Bank’s GlobalFacilityfor Disaster Reduction and Recovery(GFDRR) City Resilience Program, led by RossEisenberg and facilitated by Rui Su. DevanKreisberg was the editor and NurizaSaputrawas responsible for the design andtypesetting of the report. The team extends its sincere appreciation to thegovernments of Kiribati, the Marshall Islands,Samoa,the Solomon Islands,and Tuvalu forproviding feedback during technical discussionscarried out at stakeholder workshops in Honiara(November 2024 and May 2025) and Sālelologa(July and November 2024), as well as during atechnical roundtable discussion and workshopin Nadi with the three Atoll nations (August 2025). Theteam was fortunate to receive excellentadvice and guidance from the following peerreviewers during the report preparation process:Ana Campos Garcia, Jana El-Horr, Linus Pott, andPaula Restrepo Cadavid. Thisreportandstakeholderconsultationactivities with the governments of Samoa andthe Solomon Islands were made possible withfinancialsupport from the Africa CaribbeanPacific–EuropeanUnionDisasterRiskManagementProgram,managed by GFDRR.Stakeholderconsultation activities with thegovernments of Kiribati, the Marshall Islands,and Tuvalu were made possible with finan