数字国家2025：印度迈向数字主权

Digital Nations 2025 Towards digitalsovereignty in India GSMA Intelligence is the definitive source of global mobileoperator data, analysis and forecasts, and publisher ofauthoritative industry reports and research. Our data coversevery operator group, network and MVNO in every countryworldwide – from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe. It is the mostaccurate and complete set of industry metrics available,comprising tens of millions of individual data points,updated daily. The GSMA is a global organisation unifying the mobileecosystem to discover, develop and deliver innovationfoundational to positive business environments andsocietal change. Our vision is to unlock the full power ofconnectivity so that people, industry, and society thrive. Representing mobile operators and organisations acrossthe mobile ecosystem and adjacent industries, the GSMAdelivers for its members across three broad pillars:Connectivity for Good, Industry Services and Solutions,and Outreach. This activity includes advancing policy,tackling today’s biggest societal challenges, underpinningthe technology and interoperability that make mobile work,and providing the world’s largest platform to convene themobile ecosystem at the MWC and M360 series of events. GSMA Intelligence is relied on by leading operators,vendors, regulators, financial institutions and third-partyindustry players, to support strategic decision-makingand long-term investment planning. The data is used asan industry reference point and is frequently cited by themedia and by the industry itself. Our team of analysts and experts produce regular thought-leading research reports across a range of industry topics. We invite you to find out more atwww.gsma.com www.gsmaintelligence.com info@gsmaintelligence.com Authors Kenechi Okeleke, Senior Director, GSMA Intelligence Contributors Jeanette Whyte, Head of Policy & External Affairs, GSMA Asia PacificSarvashreshth Kalash, Senior Manager, Digital Ecosystem, Asia Pacific Published October 2025 © 2025 – GSMA. Contents Executive summary0401A decade of Digital India0602Digital sovereignty becomes a key focus1003Assessing progress using the Digital Nations Index1404Key steps on the journey to digital sovereignty20Appendix25 Navigating the path todigital sovereignty 2025 marks 10 years since the launch of Digital India,a government initiative that aims to create a digitallyempowered society and knowledge-based economy.Much of the progress with India’s digital transformationto date has occurred in the past decade, reflecting theinfluence of the initiative on the nation’s digital landscape.Digital India and its related programmes have had asignificant social and economic impact. More than600 million people in India have subscribed to the mobileinternet since 2015, while the nation’s digital economy hasmore than tripled over the period, reaching $370 billion(equivalent to 11.7% of gross value added) in FY 2023. assessed, with its highest result in the Securitycomponent and its lowest in Innovation. The indexhighlights significant gaps that could undermine furtheradvancement if left unaddressed. For policymakersand other stakeholders in India’s digital ecosystem,recognising these gaps is a vital first step to addressingthem, notwithstanding the progress made so far. This report highlights four recommendations forpolicymakers and stakeholders on the path todigital sovereignty: —Facilitate cross-sector collaboration– Combineexpertise and resources from across government,industry and international partners to tackle complexissues, including bridging the investment gap, closingthe usage gap and tackling digital fraud and scams. India has introduced the Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan(Self-Reliant India) mission and Viksit Bharat (DevelopedIndia) 2047. These initiatives reflect the country’sincreasing focus on digital sovereignty. This has recentlygained traction as nations address geopolitical risks anddisruptions to technology supply chains, seek globaldigital leadership, and use digital technologies to driveeconomic and skilled employment opportunities. Keyelements of India’s digital sovereignty ambition includeadvanced digital infrastructure, AI autonomy, self-reliancein technology manufacturing, digital payments, dataprotection, a future-ready workforce, quantum technologyand global leadership. —Foster investments in the digital ecosystem– Furthermobilise private capital by implementing policies thatreduce bureaucracy, ensure regulatory clarity andoffer incentives. —Maintain global cooperation– Leverage collaborationto advance India’s ambition for leadership in the GlobalSouth, fostering platforms for knowledge sharing andtechnology export. —Strengthen institutional and regulatory capabilities –Update outdated frameworks to encompass newtechnologies, leveraging sandbox environments,capacity building and upskilling initiatives to developexpertise in emerging technologies. India’s progress on its digitalisation journey is reflec