2025中国企业家健康绿皮书

⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ 2023.9 - 2024.82025晜2 0 2 4 . 1 0 - 2 0 2 5 . 9 䒸鎊INTRODUCTION 㖈⯎忘♶烁㹁䚍涸䔲♴馊勻馊鄄霆㹊⨴䐀䩞僽➃碫剒㹈餥涸餒㺢կ 呏䰘⚆歲⽡欰絆絉8)0䎃〄䋒涸侨䰘䎃ꬋ⠛厩䚍氬氻㼋荝荛㼱 ♰➃娥❖湱䔲✵Ⰼ椕ꬋ㣐崨遤湱Ⱒ娥❖涸կ㖈ꬋ⠛厩䚍氬氻娥❖⚥䗱過盗氬氻⽑嫱剒㣐䎃荛㼱䒸饰 ♰➃娥❖Ⱖ妃僽浓氿  ♰➃ծ䢨䚍ㄎエ麤氬氻 ♰➃ ㄤ祪㽶氻
馄鵂♰➃⺫䭍祪㽶氻䒸饰涸胄腮氬氻娥❖➃侨կ鵯㔋碫氬氻⽑ⵌ䨾剣ꬋ⠛厩䚍氬氻鵂傍娥❖涸կ ⡲⚹⚆歲痦✳㣐絑崸⡤ㄤ剒㣐涸〄㾝⚥㕂㹻⚥㕂㖈Ⰼ椕⽡欰屛椚⚥䪏怵满馊勻馊ꅾ銳涸錭蒀կ鵛䎃勻䧮㕂䊺䒊䧭Ⰼ椕剒㣐涸氬氻ㄤ⨴䐀⽭ꤗ㔔稇港崵緸絞ꅾ㣐䢨䚍氻鵂傍娥❖桧 䭷㿨荛㿨➃纈㔔䗱腰過盗氬氻ծ浓氿ծ祪㽶氻䧴䢨䚍ㄎエ禹絡氬氻瘝娥❖涸嚋桧 ➢䎃涸♴꣭ⵌ䎃涸կ⡎♶〳や雩䢨䚍氻꣈䱽䕎⸷⣜搬⚚䃔կ ⚹䎾㼆䮋䧶㕂㹻⽡欰⨴䐀㨼✵䎃湱絩⽪〄✫ꛏ㼆㔋碫ꅾ㣐䢨䚍氻涸꣈屛遤⸓㹊倶倰呩㗏䭯곫꣈⚹⚺⸈䔂⼕꣈輑ざ䲀⸓匬䒊Ⰼ➃纈ծⰌ欰ㄐワ劍ծⰌ崨玐涸䢨䚍氻⨴䐀盗椚剪⸉⡤禹կ ⟱⚌㹻⡲⚹䧮㕂絑崸〄㾝涸䒸乾僽䲀鵳⚥㕂䒭梡➿⻊涸ꅾ銳⸂ꆀ⛲僽䔲♴⚥㕂獺緃涸餴彂կ䔲✲⚌涸晜㕃鷶幯䬪㾝㨤絊魧㢅劼麁♸䮋䧶痦♧絁涸➭⟌魧⡤ծ䗱椚⿽ꅾ⨴䐀⾓⸂⛲ꥥ⛓罜勻կ䔲♴⟱⚌㹻涸⨴䐀꡼곿姻䠁〄䧭⚹Ⱒ禹䧮㕂絑崸爢⠔〄㾝⿺⽡欰䊨⡲涸ꅾ銳靃곿կ ⚹靐宠⟱⚌涸ⵄ渤♸Ɤ鵴涸〄㾝➭⟌㤃⸂䭨䴩剣❈➃㗏䭯ⵌ✫剒た剣❈➃⽲傍傍デⵆ莺〵կ鵛Ⳝ䎃勻⟱⚌㹻薉䎃傍鸙ծꢤ搬鳥⚆涸䫣麤侨♶胿侨➭⟌鵮尵瘝ⵌ➃欰⛓蔄渿佞㽠傍傍㖑㖈➃欰假鸀⚥♴鲨猌㖞կ➭⟌肕餏䔂捘涸⢪ㄐ䠭䘐✵䭨䴩䘍䧮䊨⡲⽲䙐殜✫荈魧涸⨴䐀꡼곿կ⟱⚌㹻僽遤⚌涸곭ⱙ➃暟➭⟌荈魧涸⨴䐀⠔䕧ㆇ♧⚡⟱⚌涸ㄐ鵘䨾ぢ⠔暭⸓♧⚡遤⚌涸〄㾝饥⸷欨荛⠔䕧ㆇ侮⚡㕂㹻涸絑崸䒊霃կ ⚹✫䲿ꄀ⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻纈⡤た俒皍獦⟱⚌㹻㼆魧䗱⨴䐀涸ꅾ錠䌐⸔⟱⚌㹻⨞㥩⨴䐀盗椚⨞ⵌ傍〄梡ծ傍霏倗ծ傍屛毫昶䐀꧋㔙荈䎃饰嫦䎃㼆⟱⚌㹻涸⨴䐀꡼곿䒓㾝騈驶灇瑕䎇〄䋒շ⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո⟄劍䒸饰⟱⚌㹻➃纈㼆⨴䐀盗椚ㄤ氬氻곫꣈涸ꅾ錠㽍Ⱖ僽䗱過盗氬氻ㄤ浓氿瘝䢨䚍ꅾ㣐氬氻涸곫꣈ㄤ盗椚կ昶䐀꧋㔙獤匧ㆇ䎾⨴䐀⚥㕂䧶殜ㄎが⟱⚌㹻獤匧䫏餴⨴䐀꣈薴✵劢搬կ剣✫⨴䐀涸魧⡤䩞腊❧剣⨴䐀♸餒㺢Ⱟ䖤涸㸤繠➃欰կ IUUQTXXXHPWDOMJBOCPCVNFODPOUFOU@IUN 湡䔶CONTENTS շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

涸ꅾ銳絕雿06 շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո涸侨䰘勻彂ծ湡叻➃纈ㄤ絡雦ⴔ區絶䏞


07 1.1




շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո涸侨䰘勻彂ㄤ湡叻➃纈1.2


շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո涸絡雦ⴔ區絶䏞1.3
շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո涸唬叅고湡霹僈 10շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸匬䧭䞔ⲃ 2.1⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸䚍ⵆ䎃륁匬䧭嫱2.2⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸㖑⼓ⴔ䋒 13շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

ꥥ霄ⵌ⡙⟱⚌㹻烁霏浓氿 GREEN PAPER ON THE HEALTH OF CHINESE ENTREPRENEURS |3.1ꥥ霄烁霏浓氿涸⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻浓氿猫碫ⴔ䋒3.2ꥥ霄烁霏浓氿涸⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸䚍ⵆⴔ䋒ㄤ䎃륁ⴔ䋒3.3鸑鵂✌艑馄㡮唬叅〄梡✌艑浓䝖罏⽑嫱3.4鸑鵂歌朐艑馄㡮唬叅〄梡歌朐艑浓䝖罏⽑嫱 շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓涸唬ⴀ䞔ⲃ26 4.1⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓霹僈ծ䚍ⵆⴔ䋒ㄤ䎃륁ⴔ䋒4.2⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓涸㖑⼓ⴔ䋒4.3⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⾎䎃⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓㼆嫱4.4⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻䎃䎃⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓馋⸷곫崵 շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓涸ⴔ碫絡雦ⴔ區37 5.1⟱⚌㹻넞過⾓唬ⴀ桧ッ梡ꥥ䎃륁㟞⸈罜㟞Ɤ涸馋⸷5.2過腒꡼곿⚚ꅾ歑䚍⟱⚌㹻㿨㿨䎃륁媯欥屘♲ꂾ5(㟞넞唬ⴀ桧ծ













䚪胐㔿ꃫ5$
㟞넞唬ⴀ桧ㄤ⡛㺙䏞腒跗涯胐㔿ꃫ-%-$㟞넞唬ⴀ桧㖲剒넞5.3㿨⿺⟄♳歑䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ瑟艎過祪'#(⼮넞5.4
㿨㿨歑䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ㽶ꃑ6"㟞넞5.5㿨⿺⟄♳歑䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ곯⸓腡䒗䌢馄㡮5.6ぐ䎃륁媯歑䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ⡤ꅾ䭷侨#.*㟞넞5.7㿨⿺⟄♳ぐ䎃륁媯㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ歌朐艑絕蒜5.8
㿨㿨歑䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ腒肘聽馄㡮5.9





㿨⿺⟄♳㥎䚍馄鵂唬ⴀ胊屲稇(㟞넞5.10
㿨㿨歑䚍⟱⚌㹻ㄤ㿨⿺⟄♳㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻䎕꡶轠勍蝒唬崵ㄎ孞霚낉꣉䚍













唬ⴀ桧剒넞唬ⴀ桧㖲馄鵂5.11㿨⿺⟄♳歑䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ⵸⴩艑䒗䌢馄㡮5.12㿨㿨㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ✌艑絕蒜馄㡮5.13㿨㿨㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ넞⽭㘗➃✌㣢泿氻嫫)17꣉䚍5.14㿨⿺⟄♳㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ낧餘毜匠낧㺙䏞5.15䲿넞⡤唬고湡⿬唬桧剣⸔✵䲿⼮浓氿瘝ꅾ銳氬氻涸唬ⴀ շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻㢴絶䏞⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓翫ざ絡雦ⴔ區74 6.1⡤ꅾ䭷侨#.*翫ざⰦ㸐湱Ⱒ㢴䭷叻ⴔ區〄梡⟱⚌㹻〳㖈欰崞倰䒭䎁곫涸㛇炄♳













翫ざ䎾欽Ⲹꅾ蚋暟勻鵳遤Ɤ劍⡤ꅾ盗椚6.2䕧⫸㷖唬叅翫ざ㹊낉㹔唬崵〄梡馄鵂⟱⚌㹻唬ⴀ腒肘聽⠶고聽⸆腊䭷叻䒗䌢6.3歌朐艑⸆腊湱Ⱒ䭷叻唬崵〄梡⟱⚌㹻毟⡃歌❙ 傍〄梡ծ傍霏倗ծ傍屛毫僽Ⱒꝶ81 昶䐀꧋㔙鵛劍⿬♸雿俒〄邍97 շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

涸ꅾ銳絕雿 IMPORTANT CONCLUSIONS 浓氿ꥥ霄絕卓 !晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻ꥥ霄涸絡雦侨䰘儑爙䎃剢傈荛䎃剢傈劍ꢂ㖈昶䐀꧋㔙⡤唬涸⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻䚪雦 ➃昶䐀꧋㔙䊺ꥥ霄ⵌ➃烁霏浓氿浓氿ꥥ霄侨䰘絡雦䨔姺䎃剢傈կた絯ꥥ霄䊨⡲➠㖈鵳遤⚥곫雦⠔剣刿㢴烁霏浓氿涸⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻鄄〄梡կ 2.⡤唬ꅾ銳絕卓 GREEN PAPER ON THE HEALTH OF CHINESE ENTREPRENEURS |!շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո呏䰘䎃剢傈荛䎃剢傈⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬㤛귬涸絆䧭ㄤぐ고湡涸⿬唬桧鷥䭊✫고⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓鵳遤絡雦絡雦絕卓儑爙䱗ꤑ♸䚍ⵆ湱Ⱒ涸⵸⴩艑䒗䌢馄㡮ծ✌艑絕蒜馄㡮瘝⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓歌朐艑絕蒜馄㡮㖈⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⚥涸唬ⴀ桧剒넞鴪ⵌ䖃♴⣜妃⚹⡤ꅾ䭷侨#.*㟞넞ծ腒肘聽馄㡮ծ낧ꆀⲸ㼱낧餘毜匠낧㺙䏞ㄤ곯⸓腡䒗䌢馄㡮唬ⴀ桧㖲馄鵂կ !㼆✵歑䚍⟱⚌㹻唬ⴀ桧剒넞涸⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓僽⡤ꅾ䭷侨#.*㟞넞唬ⴀ桧鴪ⵌ䖃♴⣜妃⚹⵸⴩艑䒗䌢馄㡮ծ腒肘聽馄㡮ծ歌朐艑絕蒜ㄤ낧ꆀⲸ㼱낧餘毜匠낧㺙䏞唬ⴀ桧㖲馄鵂կ !㼆✵㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻唬ⴀ桧剒넞涸⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓僽歌朐艑絕蒜馄㡮唬ⴀ桧⚹䖃♴⣜妃⚹✌艑絕蒜馄㡮ծ낧餘Ⲹ㼱낧餘毜匠낧㺙䏞ծ䚪胐㔿ꃫ5$㟞넞ㄤ⡤ꅾ䭷侨#.*㟞넞唬ⴀ桧㖲馄鵂կ !㢴絶䏞⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓翫ざ絡雦ⴔ區儑爙⡤ꅾ䭷侨#.*翫ざⰦ㸐湱Ⱒ㢴䭷叻ⴔ區〄梡⟱⚌㹻〳㖈欰崞倰䒭䎁곫涸㛇炄♳翫ざ䎾欽Ⲹꅾ蚋暟勻鵳遤Ɤ劍⡤ꅾ盗椚䕧⫸㷖唬叅翫ざ㹊낉㹔唬崵〄梡馄鵂⟱⚌㹻唬ⴀ腒肘聽⠶고聽⸆腊䭷叻䒗䌢歌朐艑⸆腊湱Ⱒ䭷叻唬崵〄梡⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻毟⡃歌❙կ շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

涸侨䰘勻彂ㄤ湡叻➃纈 շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո涸灇瑕㼆韌⚹䎃剢傈荛䎃剢傈㖈昶䐀꧋㔙偫♴⡤唬⚥䗱⿬⸈⡤唬涸⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻Ⱏ佐꧋紨♰➃♰➃妃㹐䨪㢴妃⿬唬⟄剒鵛♧妃唬叅唬崵絕卓鵳遤絡雦ⴔ區կ 昶䐀꧋㔙⡤唬侨䰘㖲㶸⪰㖈猙剣⻊鿈縭涸⼕毫✻կ昶䐀⼕毫✻䊺鸑鵂⚥⼶➃字Ⱏㄤ㕂Ⱆ㸝鿈⥌䜂禹絡㸝Ⰼ瘝紩⥂䫡㢊呩♲紩⟄⥂ꥻ⡤唬➃纈侨䰘㸝Ⰼկ ⟱ ⚌ 㹻 㹐 䨪ENTREPRENEURS     䎃   剢  傈 荛     䎃  剢   傈 շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

涸絡雦ⴔ區絶䏞 GREEN PAPER ON THE HEALTH OF CHINESE ENTREPRENEURS |շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո涸絡雦ⴔ區絶䏞⺫䭍⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸䚍ⵆⴔ䋒ծ䎃륁ⴔ䋒ㄤ㖑⼓ⴔ䋒⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸浓氿ꥥ霄絡雦ⴔ區⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸ぐ고⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓唬ⴀ桧涸䚪⡤ⴔ䋒ծ䚍ⵆⴔ䋒ㄤ䎃륁ⴔ䋒⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓涸ⴔ碫絡雦ⴔ區⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻㢴絶䏞⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓翫ざ絡雦ⴔ區կ շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

涸唬叅고湡霹僈 շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո呏䰘䎃剢傈荛䎃剢傈⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⚺銳⡤唬㤛귬涸고湡絆䧭鷥䭊✫고⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓鵳遤絡雦絡雦絶䏞⺫䭍䗱過盗碫⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓ծ➿靧ㄤⰻⴔ屲碫⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓ծ嶊⻊禹絡碫⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓ㄤ䚍ⵆ湱Ⱒ涸⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓瘝կ⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓涸ⴼ㹁叻ⲥㄤⰌ㕂崨遤氻㷖侨䰘⿬罌湱Ⱒ㕂㹻遤⚌叻ⲥծ㕂㹻勉㪭䫣デㄤ⼕㷖䭷⽂瘝կ Chapter.02 ⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸䚍ⵆ䎃륁匬䧭嫱 շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո⚥⿬⸈⡤唬涸♰⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⚥歑䚍⽑嫱歑䚍⟱⚌㹻⿬唬➃侨剒㢴涸䎃륁⼓ꢂ僽㿨㿨⽑嫱䖃♴⣜妃⚹㿨㿨⽑嫱ծ㿨㿨⽑嫱ծ㿨⿺⟄♳⽑嫱ㄤ㿨㿨⽑嫱կ㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻⽑嫱㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻⚥⿬唬➃侨剒㢴涸䎃륁⼓ꢂ⛲僽㿨㿨⽑嫱䖃♴⣜妃⚹㿨㿨⽑嫱ծ㿨㿨⽑嫱ծ㿨㿨⽑嫱ㄤ㿨⿺⟄♳⽑嫱կ歑䚍⟱⚌㹻⿬唬➃侨㢴✵㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻կ ⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸㖑⼓ⴔ䋒 䭽撑䧮㕂♫㣐㖑椚ⴔ⼓涸ⴢⴔ㼆⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻ⵌ唬涸㙹䋑鵳遤ⴔ絆傋㖈〄梡♶ず㖑椚ⴔ⼓涸⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓唬ⴀ桧涸䊵䒗կ շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո⚥⟱⚌㹻ⴔ䋒✵䧮㕂⚎⻌ծ⼶⻌ծ⼶⚎ծ⼶⽂ծ⼶⚥ծ銯⻌ㄤ銯⽂♶⺫䭍⚥㕂껺度ծ慌꡶ㄤ〵弩կⰦ⚥⼶⻌涸⟱⚌㹻➃侨剒㢴匬䧭嫱⚹䖃♴⣜妃⚹⼶⚎ծ⼶⽂ծ銯⽂ծ⼶⚥ծ銯⻌ㄤ⚎⻌կ⼶⚎ㄤ⼶⻌涸⟱⚌㹻匬䧭嫱Ⱏ雦馄鵂Ⱃ䧭鵯♸⚥㕂絑崸〄㾝涸⼓㚖宐䎂♧荝կ Chapter.03 շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ոꥥ霄ⵌ⡙⟱⚌㹻烁霏浓氿 갫駧燛駲湋津溸╚㎼⚕╃㵶湋津璀稝⮕䉘 ⨴䐀⡤唬僽傍劍〄梡ꅾ㣐氬氻涸ꅾ銳鸀䖈⛲僽㹊倶氬氻傍劍곫꣈ㄤ䒓㾝⨴䐀盗椚涸㛇劥鸀䖈⿺剣佪䩛媯կ䎃剢傈㕂㹻⽡欰⨴䐀㨼瘝⚡鿈꡶翫ざⵖ㹁✫շ⨴䐀⚥㕂遤⸓ˋ浓氿꣈屛遤⸓㹊倶倰呩ˋ䎃ո俒⟝䭷ⴀⵌ䎃䚪⡤浓氿䎃欰㶸桧鴪ⵌ浓氿꣈屛呍䗱濼霋濼儯桧鴪ⵌ鵳♧姿⸈䔂꣈浓⡤唬涸錞薴⻊盗椚䒸㼋넞⽭➃纈㹁劍䱹「꣈浓⡤唬⸈䔂毟⡃氻⢾ꥥ霄盗椚ꛏ㼆傍劍浓氿䧴浓⵸氻」鵳遤⿺傞䎁곫կ 昶䐀꧋㔙荈䎃䒓㨤㹊倶剣➃盗涸⡤唬䧶殜㼆⡤唬鵂玐⚥〄梡涸ꅾ銳䒗䌢絕卓鵳遤ꥥ霄կ昶䐀꧋㔙㼆⡤唬絕卓