2025年美国鸟类状况报告

STATE OF THE BIRDSEXECUTIVE SUMMARY This 2025 edition of the State of the Birds report is a statusassessment of the health of the nation’s bird populations,delivered to the American people by scientists from U.S.bird conservation groups. 5 Years After the 3 Billion Birds Lost Research,America Is Still Losing Birds.A 2019 studypublished in the journalScience* sounded thealarm—showing a net loss of 3 billion birds inNorth America in the past 50 years�The 2025State of the Birds report shows those losses arecontinuing, with declines among several birdtrend indicators�Notably duck populations—abright spot in past State of the Birds reports, withstrong increases since 1970—have trended down-ward in recent years� Conservation Works.Examples spotlightedthroughout this report—from coastal restorationand conservation ranching to forest renewal andseabird translocations—show how proactive,concerted efforts and strategic investments canrecover bird populations�The science is solid onhow to bring birds back�Private lands conser-vation programs, and voluntary conservationpartnerships for working lands, hold some of thebest opportunities for sparking immediate turn-arounds for birds� Bird-friendly Policies Bring Added Benefitsfor People, and Have Broad Support.Policiesto reverse bird declines carry added benefitssuch as healthier working lands, cleaner water,and resilient landscapes that can withstand fires,floods, and drought�Plus birds are broadly popu-lar—about 100 million Americans are birdwatch-ers, including large shares of hunters and anglers�All that birding activity stimulates the economy,with $279 billion in total annual economic outputgenerated by birder expenditures� TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary����������������������������������������������������������� 3 The State of the Birds of the U�S�A��������������������������������������� 4Shorebirds�����������������������������������������������������������������5Grassland Birds����������������������������������������������������������6Aridland Birds������������������������������������������������������������7Western Forest Birds���������������������������������������������������8Eastern Forest Birds����������������������������������������������������9Waterfowl and Waterbirds�������������������������������������10–11Seabirds������������������������������������������������������������������ 12Hawaiian Birds��������������������������������������������������������� 13Tipping Point Species������������������������������������������� 14–15 Long-term Population Trends for America’s Birds Birds Strengthen American Communities�����������������������16–17Methodology, Sources, Credits, and Acknowledgments���18–19 There are96 million American birders—37% of theadult population—according to theBirding in the UnitedStates: A Demographic and Economic Analysisreport,published by the U�S�Fish and Wildlife Service in 2024� Altogether that birdwatching activity pumps$279billion into the U.S. economyevery year, generatesmore than$38 billion in total tax revenue(county,state, and federal combined), and supports1.4 millionjobs�See pages 16–17 for an overview of the benefits thatbirds and birding provide to American communities� THE STATE OF THE BIRDS IN THE U.S.A. SHOREBIRDS Widespread declines with accelerating losses A Third of U�S�Birds Need Conservation Action About a third of all American bird species are of high or moder-ate concern due to low populations, declining trends, or otherthreats. These 229 species should be prioritized in conservationplanning to protect existing populations and build towardpopulation recovery. Birds identified as Tipping Point species (see page 14) have lostmore than 50% of their populations in the last 50 years. TippingPoint species include birds that need focused scientific researchto identify drivers of decline, and immediate help throughvoluntary and proactive conservation action. Almost three-quarters of those declining shorebird speciesare suffering continued losses despite recent conservationefforts. Focused research is needed to identify causes of thedeclines, and conservation measures must be ramped up toprotect critical shorebird habitats. A recent study†based on long-term participatory sciencedata showed definitive negative population trends beyondconfidence intervals for 19 of 28 shorebird species since1980—with 18 shorebird species showing accelerated lossrates in recent years. 42Tipping Point species—Red alert Birds with perilously low populations and steep declining trends 37Tipping Point species—Orange alertBirds showing long-term population losses and accelerated declines inrecent decades 33Tipping Point species—Yellow alertBirds with long-term population losses, but relatively stable recent trends 71Watch List species Birds that are vulnerable due to small or declining populations, limiteddistributions, and high threats, but haven’t yet experienced steeppopulation losses 46Common Birds in Steep Decline Bir