理解和衡量弹性的框架

授权公开披露 授权公开披露 授权公开披露 授权公开披露 AUGUST2024 AFrameworkforUnderstandingandMeasuringResilience SocialSustainabilityandlnclusionGlobalPractice PatrickBarronJoseCuesta JanaEI-Horr JuIietteWiIson ©2024TheWorldBank 1818HStreetNW,WashingtonDC20433Telephone:202-473-1000;Internet:www.worldbank.org AbouttheSocialDevelopmentPublicationsSeries ThispaperispartoftheSocialDevelopmentPublications(SDP)Series.TheSDPseriesisfocusedondisseminatingdiversesocialanalysestosupporttheglobalcommunityofsocialdevelopmentpractitionersandtokeepcitizensinformed.Itsaimistohighlightmultipleperspectives-Bankstaff,localacademics,thinktanks,andcivilsociety-andbringforwardthevoicesofgroupsthatareoftennotheard-IPEMs,PersonswithDisabilities,women,youth,LGBTQ+.SDPrecognizestheimportanceofdifferentformsofknowledgeandmakesspacefornotonly‘formalreports’,butothermediumstoshareknowledgeaswell.Finally,anexplicitgoalofthisseriesistopromotevoicesandknowledgefromtheGlobalSouth.Byfosteringactivedebateandincorporatinginclusive,innovativepractices,theseriesaddsvaluetomainstreamresearchandquicklydeliversrelevantinformationtoinformnationalandinternationalpolicydebatesanddevelopmentpractices. Somerightsreserved ThisworkisaproductofTheWorldBank.Thefindings,interpretations,andconclusionsexpressedinthisworkdonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsoftheExecutiveDirectorsofTheWorldBankorthegovernmentstheyrepresent. TheWorldBankdoesnotguaranteetheaccuracy,completeness,orcurrencyofthedataincludedinthisworkanddoesnotassumeresponsibilityforanyerrors,omissions,ordiscrepanciesintheinformation,orliabilitywithrespecttotheuseoforfailuretousetheinformation,methods,processes,orconclusionssetforth.Theboundaries,colors,denominations,links/footnotesandotherinformationshowninthisworkdonotimplyanyjudgmentonthepartofTheWorldBankconcerningthelegalstatusofanyterritoryortheendorsementoracceptanceofsuchboundaries.ThecitationofworksauthoredbyothersdoesnotmeantheWorldBankendorsestheviewsexpressedbythoseauthorsorthecontentoftheirworks.” NothinghereinshallconstituteorbeconstruedorconsideredtobealimitationuponorwaiveroftheprivilegesandimmunitiesofTheWorldBank,allofwhicharespecificallyreserved. RightsandPermissions Thematerialinthisworkissubjecttocopyright.BecauseTheWorldBankencouragesdisseminationofitsknowledge,thisworkmaybereproduced,inwholeorinpart,fornoncommercialpurposesaslongasfullattributiontothisworkisgiven. Attribution Pleasecitetheworkasfollows:“Barron,P.,J.Cuesta,J.El-Horr,andJ.Wilson.2024.AFrameworkforUnderstandingandMeasuringResilience.Washington,DC:WorldBank.” Anyqueriesonrightsandlicenses,includingsubsidiaryrights,shouldbeaddressedtoWorldBankPublications,TheWorldBank,1818HStreetNW,Washington,DC20433,USA; fax:202-522-2625; e-mail:pubrights@worldbank.org. Coverphoto:©ArneHoel/WorldBank.Furtherpermissionrequiredforreuse.Coverdesign:AllaIvanov TableofContents 1.Introduction4 2.UnderstandingresilienceforSSIoperations7 2.1Resilienceofwho?7 2.2Resiliencetowhat?8 2.3Stagesandtypesofresilienceandtheresiliencespectrum9 2.4Reducingvulnerabilitiesbyenhancingresilience10 3.Pathwaystoresilience:aconceptualframework12 3.1Economicresources13 3.2Institutions14 3.3Socialcohesion15 4.Linkstothecorporatescorecard16 5.Measuringresilience18 5.1Whymeasureresilience?18 5.2Exampleindicators19 6.Conclusions24 Annexes AnnexA|SummaryofWorldBankanalyticworkonresilience25 AnnexB|Methodsformeasuringresilience32 B.1Typesofdatausedtomeasureresilience32 B.2Surveys,admindata,andbigdata33 B.3Impactevaluation36 B.4Useofqualitativemethods36 B.5Selectionofmethodsandresearchapproach37 References38 Acronyms ASPIRECCACCRICDDCLD COVID-19DPL DRMFCVFGDFLLoCAGBVGCRPGFDRRGRIDICT IFCIPIPCCIPF LGBTQ+LGMIGANBSPADPDORCT RISCCOPSDCCSERSPSSIUHIUSAID WB/WBG AtlasofSocialProtectionIndicatorsofResilienceandEquityCountyClimateAction CountyClimateResilienceInvestmentCommunityDrivenDevelopmentCommunityandLocalDevelopmentCoronavirus2019 DevelopmentPolicyFinancingDisasterRiskManagementFragility,Conflict,andViolenceFocusgroupdiscussion FinancingLocallyLedClimateActionGender-basedviolence GlobalCrisisRiskPlatform GlobalFacilityforDisasterReductionandRecoveryGreen,Resilient,andInclusiveDevelopmentInformationandCommunicationTechnologyInternationalFinanceCorporation IndigenousPeoples IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangeInvestmentProjectFinancing Lesbian,Gay,Bisexual,Transgender,Queer,plusLocalGovernment MultilateralInvestmentGuaranteeAgencyNature-BasedSolutions ProjectAppraisalDocumentProjectDevelopmentObjectivesRandomizedControlledTrialResilienceIndex ClimateChangeGroup’sOperationalizationandImpactunitSocialDimensionsofClimateChange Socio-EconomicandResilienceStrengtheningProjectSocialSustainabilityandInclusionglobalpracticeUrbanHeatIsland UnitedStatesAgencyforInternationalDevelopmentWorldBank/WorldBankGroup Overthepastdecade,therehasbeenaprecipitousrisewithintheWorldBankineffortstobuildresilience.1ThenumberofBankprojectsthatincludeafocusonresiliencehasincreasedrapidly.In1997,only1percentofprojectappraisaldocumentsreferencedtheneedtosupportresili