世界能源统计年鉴2024

2024|73rdedition StatisticalReview ofWorldEnergy Incollaborationwith TheEnergyInstitute(EI)istheprofessionalmembershipbodyfortheworldofenergy.TheEIStatisticalReviewofWorldEnergy™analysesdataonworldenergymarketsfromtheprioryear.Ithasbeenprovidingtimely,comprehensiveandobjectivedatatotheenergycommunitysince1952. Contents Explorethedataonline Allthetablesandchartsfoundintheprintededitionareavailableatenergyinst.org/statistical-reviewalongsideanumberofextras,including: •Theenergychartingtool–viewpredeterminedreportsorchart-specificdataaccordingtoenergytype,region,countryandyear. •Historicaldatafrom1965formanysectors.Additionalcountryandregionalcoverageforallconsumptiontables. •AnExcelworkbookanddatabaseformatofthedata. Downloadtheapp Youcanalsoexploretheworldofenergyfromyourtabletorsmartphone,onlineandoffline,bydownloadingtheEnergyStatisticalReviewapp. AppleAppStoreGooglePlayStore. JointheEnergyInstitute TheEIiscreatingabetterenergyfuture–inthreeimportantinterconnectedways. Informingenergydecision-makingthroughconveningexpertiseandadvice TheStatisticalReviewiscentraltotheEI’sworktoprovidetheevidenceandexpertiseneededbygovernmentsandbusinessestonavigatetheenergytransition.OurrelatedeventsprogrammeculminateseachyearinLondonwithInternationalEnergyWeek. Attracting,developingandequippingthediversefutureenergyworkforce TheEIistheprofessionalhomeforpeopleworkingacrosstheworldofenergy–fromengineerstoenvironmentalists,technicianstoanalysts,academicstoinnovators.Weprovidethetraining,publications,mentoring,networkingandcharteredtitlesessentialtoskilled,rewardingcareers. Enablingindustrytomakeenergylowercarbon,saferandmoreefficient TheEIbringstogethercompaniesfromallpartsoftheindustry,fromconventionaltorenewable,toworkincollaborationwithregulators,academiaandotherstosolvesharedtechnicalchallenges.Ourextensivecatalogueofgoodpracticeguidanceisreliedonbyindustryworldwide. Introduction 2Foreword 42023Keyhighlights 6Regionaloverview Primaryenergyandcarbon 12Foreword 13Consumption 14Consumptionbyfuel 15Consumptionpercapita Carbon 16Carbondioxideemissionsfromenergy 17Emissionsfromgasflaring 18Carbondioxideequivalentemissions 19Carboncapture,usageandstorage 19Prices Oil 20Foreword 21Production 26Consumption 30Prices 31Refining 33Trademovements Naturalgas 36Foreword 37Production 39Consumption 41Prices 41Hydrogenproductioncapacity 42Trademovements Coal 46Foreword 47Production 49Trademovements 50Prices 51Consumption Nuclearenergy 52Foreword 53Generation Electricityandrenewables 54Foreword Electricity 55Generation 56Generationbyfuel 56Grid-scalebatteryenergy Hydroelectricity 57Generation Renewableenergy 58Consumption 60Solarinstalled 61Windinstalled 62SolarandWindinstalledbytype 63Generationbysource 64Biofuelsproduction 65Biofuelsconsumption Keyminerals 66Foreword 67Productionandreserves 68Prices Methodology 69Moredetailonthemethodology Appendices 71Approximateconversionfactors 72Definitions Moreinformation BecomeanindividualmemberBecomeatechnicalpartner Backtocontents⮌Backtocontents⮌ Backtocontents⮌ EnergyInstituteStatisticalReviewofWorldEnergy20241 Foreword This73rdStatisticalReviewofWorldEnergyisthesecondunderthecustodianshipoftheEnergyInstitute(EI). Energyhasalwaysbeenandremainscentraltohumanachievementandprogress.Itisalso,increasingly,centraltoourverysurvival.Withglobaltemperatureincreasesaveragingcloseto1.5°C,2023wasthewarmestyearsincerecordsbegan,andtheincreasinglysevereimpactsofclimatechangewerefeltacrossallcontinents.Wealso experiencedthecontinuingeffectsofgeopoliticaldisruptiononenergymarkets,andtheeconomiesandlivelihoods theysupport. Asthecharteredprofessionalmembershipbodyforpeopleworkingacrosstheworldofenergy,theEnergyInstitute isproudtobethehomeoftheStatisticalReviewofWorldEnergy.Ouraimistoprovideanobjective,independentandcomprehensiveevidencebasefordecisionmakersingovernments,businessesandcivilsocietygrapplingwiththeseprofoundchallenges. InthissecondStatisticalReviewundertheInstitute’scustodianship,wereportonanotheryearofhighsinourenergyhungryworld.Recordconsumptionoffossilfuelsandrecordemissionsfromenergy,butalsorecordgenerationfromrenewables,drivenbyincreasinglycompetitivewindandsolarenergy. Theprogressofthetransitionisslow,butthebigpicturemasksdiverseenergystoriesplayingoutacrossdifferentgeographies.Thisyearweprovideadditionalvisualisationstobringthesecontraststolife–fromadvancedeconomieswhereweseesignsofdemandforfossilfuelspeaking, Theprogressofthetransitionisslow,butthebigpicturemasksdiverseenergystoriesplayingoutacrossdifferentgeographies. toeconomiesintheGlobalSouthforwhomeconomicdevelopmentandimprovementsinqualityoflifecontinuetodrivefossilgrowth. Thisyearwealsointroducenewdatasetsinareasthatwillgrowinsignificanceoverthecomingyearsanddecades–inbatterystorageandbatterycells,carboncapture,hydrogen,ammonia,uranium,carbonprices,andadditionalkeymineralsandmaterials.Overthecomingmonths,we’llbeengagingwithusersonfurtherdevelopments,toensurethewaywemeasureandanalyseenergykeepspaceandstaysrelevant asthetransitionpro