Artificial Intelligence Law of the People’s Republic of China (Draft for Suggestions from Scholars)

TranslationThefollowingdocumentisapreliminarydraftofChina’sproposedAILawthathascirculatedamonglegalscholars.ThedraftlawspecifiesvariousscenariosinwhichAIdevelopers,providers,orusersareliableformisuseofAItools.Italsoallowsfortheuseofcopyrightedmaterialformodeltraininginmostcases,andprovidesintellectualpropertyprotectionsforcontentcreatedwiththeassistanceofAItechnology.TitleArtificialIntelligenceLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina(DraftforSuggestionsfromScholars)中华人民共和国人工智能法（学者建议稿）AuthorsDraftingExpertGroup(起草专家组)comprisedofProfessorZhangLinghan(张凌寒)ofChinaUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw(中国政法大学),ProfessorYangJianjun(杨建军)ofNorthwestUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw(西北政法大学),SeniorEngineerChengYing(程莹)ofChinaAcademyofInformationandCommunicationsTechnology(CAICT;中国信息通信研究院;中国信通院),AssociateProfessorZhaoJingwu(赵精武)ofBeijingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics(BeihangUniversity;北京航空航天大学),AssociateProfessorHanXuzhi(韩旭至)ofEastChinaUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw(华东政法大学),ProfessorZhengZhifeng(郑志峰)ofSouthwestUniversityofPoliticalScience&Law(西南政法大学),andAssociateProfessorXuXiaoben(徐小奔)ofZhongnanUniversityofEconomicsandLaw(中南财经政法大学)SourceOfficialWeChat(微信)accountoftheDigitalRuleofLawInstituteatEastChinaUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw(华东政法大学数字法治研究院),March16,2024TheChinesesourcetextisavailableonlineat:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/2i9zAXJ5dJKlKNMf4ppUDwAnarchivedversionoftheChinesesourcetextisavailableonlineat:https://perma.cc/L9E4-5K3VU.S.$1≈7.2ChineseYuanRenminbi(RMB),asofMay2,2024.TranslationDateTranslatorEditorMay2,2024EtceteraLanguageGroup,Inc.BenMurphy,CSETTranslationManager ArtificialIntelligenceLawoFthePeople’sRepublicoFChina (DraFtForSuggestionsFromScholars) Chapter1GeneralProvisionsArticle1LegislativeIntent ThisLawisenactedinaccordancewiththeConstitutioninordertopromotetechnologicalinnovationinartificialintelligence(AI),facilitatethehealthydevelopmentoftheAIindustry,regulateAIproductandservicedevelopment,provision,anduseactivities,aswellastheirsupervisionandmanagement,safeguardnationalsecurityandthepublicinterest,andprotectthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofindividualsandorganizations. Article2ScopeoFApplication ThisLawappliestoAIdevelopment,provision,anduseactivitieswithin1thePeople’sRepublicofChina(PRC),andtothesupervisionandmanagementthereof. ThisLawappliestothoseAIdevelopment,provision,anduseactivitiesoutside2thePRCthatmayaffectthenationalsecurityorpublicinterestsof,orthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofindividualsororganizationsin,thePRC. Article3PrincipleoFScientificandTechnologicalEthics ThedevelopmentofAIshall(应当)adheretoapeople-centered(以人为本)approach,respectpersonalfreedomanddignity,promotethewell-beingofthepeople,andprovideassuranceforthepublicinterest,soastoguideandregulatethehealthyandorderlydevelopmentoftheAIindustry.AIdevelopers,providers,andusersshallpreventandcontrolthepossibleethicalrisksofAIinaccordancewithlaw. Article4PrincipleoFInnovativeDevelopment TheStateimplementsinclusiveandprudentialsupervision,encouragesandsupportstheinnovation-baseddevelopmentoftheAIindustry,andassuresthesafety3ofAI. Article5PrincipleoFFairnessandImpartiality AIdevelopers,providers,andusersshalladheretotheprincipleoffairnessandimpartialityandprotectthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofindividualsandorganizations,andshallnotpracticeunreasonabledifferentialtreatment. 1Translator'snote:TheChineseword境內jìngnèi,translatedthroughoutas"withinthePRC,"literallymeans"insidetheborders[ofmainlandChina]."ChinaconsidersHongKong,Macao,andTaiwantobepartofChinabutnottobe"withinthePRC." 2Translator'snote:TheChineseword境外jìngwài,translatedthroughoutas"outsidethePRC,"literallymeans"outsidetheborders[ofmainlandChina]."ThetermencompassesnotjustforeigncountriesbutalsoHongKong,Macao,andTaiwan. 3Translator’snote:TheChineseword安全canmeaneither“safety”or“security.”Thetranslatorhastranslatedthiswordonewayortheotheronacase-by-casebasisthroughoutthistranslation. Article6PrincipleoFTransparencyandExplainability4 AIdevelopers,providers,andusersshalladheretotheprincipleoftransparencyandexplainability,andshall,inaccordancewithlaw,provideandexplainthebasicinformation,purposeandintent,andmainoperatingmechanismsofAIproductsandservicesinanappropriatemanner. Article7PrincipleoFSaFetyandAccountability AIdevelopers,providers,andusersshall,inaccordancewithlaw,adoptthenecessarytechnicalmeansandmanagementmeasurestoensurethesafetyandreliabilityofAIproductsandservices. AIdevelopers,providers,andusersshall,inaccordancewithlaw,bearthecorrespondinglegalliabilitiesfordevelopment,provisioning,anduseactivities. Article8PrincipleoFProperUse AIdevelopers,providers,andusersshallcomplywithlawsandregulations,respectsocialmoralityandethics,complywithbusinessethicsandprofessionalethics,behonestandtrustworthy,fulfilltheirobligationtoprotectAIsecurity,andshouldertheirresponsibilitytosociety,andshallnotjeopardizenationalsecurityorthepublicinterest,orharmthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofindividualsandorganizations. AIdevelopersareencouragedtoembedusagerestrictionsinproductdesignstopreventuser