海上机器人崛起：土耳其无人海军威慑力量正在形成（英）

ecam 12//2022 SUBJECT FDREIGNP0LICY&SECURITY2022/12/EN 100 ROBOTICRISE-INTHESEAS: TURKISHUNMANNED NAVALDETERRENT NTHEMAKING Dr.CanKasapoghDirector SineOzkarasahin edam ForignPaicy&Sacurty2022/12/EK ROBOTICRISEINTHESEAS TURKISHUNMANNEDNAVALOETERENTINTHEMAKING DECEMBERX2022 Dr.CanKasapoglu DirectorofDefenseResearch,EDAM SineOzkarasahin Analyst,EDAMDefenseProgram EXECUTIVESUMMARY Turkishunmannednavalsystemsaresettocompeteinglobaldefensemarkets,Turkiye's roboticnavalwarfightingcapacitynowincludesvarioussystemstakingondifferentmissions, providingthenavywithflexibleoperationalartpreferences.Atpresent,theTurkishdefense industrialandtechnologicalbaseistranslatingthenation'ssuccessachievedintheunmannedaerialsystemssegmenttootherphvsicaldomainsofwarfare.Thisisthemaindriverbehing Turkiye'sroboticnavalplatformsproliferation,Likewise,theTurkishdefenseeco-systemhasbeer busywithdevelopinganunmannedgroundwarfaredeterrentforsometime. ThankstotheirISTARedoesintellioence,surveillance,targetacguisition,andreconnaissance) aswellashigh-precisionstrikeprospects,unmannednavalsystemsloomlargeascriticalassets withnotablewarfightingpotential.TheseassetscanfostertheTurkishgovernment'sparadigmintheseas,manifestedwiththeBlueHomeland(MaviVatan)geostrategicconcept.Militarily unmannednavalsystemscanplayaparticularlycriticalroleinmaritimesettingswithhighrisk ofcasualties edam ForEipnPalicy&Secunty2022/12/EK Turkishunmannedsurfacevehicle(Usy/UV)capacitywilllikelvsetsailtotheBlackSea.Given thepresentnavalwarfaretrendsobservedintheRusso-UkrainianWar,suchamovewouldbe majorvectorintheBlackSeamilitarystrategicbalance.Especially,combinedwithTurkiye'sfast risinganti-shipmissilearsenalandhigh-endaerialcombatdrones,USVscanmakepotentassets withinajointarchitecture. withvariousprivateandstate-ownedfirmssteppingin,intra-industrialcompetitionremainsa visibletrendintheTurkishUSVproliferationlandscape AsTurkishUSVshavestartedbuildingareputationinNATOjointexercises,thenation'sunmanned navalsystemsarsenalisqainingacoalitionwarfaredimension ecam ForepnPaicy&Securty2022/门127EN RoboticNavalWarfare:FightingtheFuture'sWars Empoweredbyemergingdefensetechnologies,smartwarfightingassetshavealreadyhintedatthe prospectsofwhattheycanachieveinthefuturebattle-space.OnOctober29th,2022,theUkrainian ArmedForcescarriedoutalarge-scaleattackontheRussianBlackSeaFleet'sgroupinginSevastopol, Crimea.AccordingtotheRussianMinistryofDefense,nineaerialdronesandsevenunmanned surfacevesselswereinvolvedinthestrike,damagingtheBlackSeaFleet'sflagship,AdmiralMakarov frigate,alongwithIvanGolubetsminesweeper, RussiaaccusedtheUS,claimingthatanRQ-4BGlobalHawkdronecoordinatedtheattack. whilehighlightingallegedBritishinvolvementinUkraine'sunmannednavalcapabilitydevelopment efforts2,Russia'susualdiplomaticmaskirovkamissesthemainpoint;beingthefirstjointrobotic air-seaassauitinmilitaryhistory,theincidentmarkedhorizonsforthefuturewarfare Justlikeunmannedaerialsystems(UAS),theUSVsaresettofightinswarmsandconductcomplex strikeoperations,Todoso,establishingawide-spectrumdigitalarchitecturefornavalrobotic systemsremainskey.Thisarchitecture,theoretically,mustbebasedondynamicnetworkmanagement, decisionsupportnodes,andinteroperabilitytoolstoallowdatainvariousformatstobeintegrated acrossseveraldatalinks3. 3-DMissionsintheFutureMaritimeBattle-Space: Network-CentricOperations2.0 Inthecomingyears,maritimebattle-spacewillbeshapedbythreemaindrivers.First,the'hotzone' willbemoredispersedthanever,Second,highlycapableweaponsystemsandsensorswilldominate theseas,bringinginnavalreconnaissance-strikecomplexes.Thesenewcapabilitieswillenablepotent high-precisionattack,long-rangedatatransmission,andsophisticateddataprocessingcapabilities augmentedbyartificialintelligence(Al),Finally,network-centricwarfareislikelytobereplacedby anetwork-of-networksparadigm,connectingunmannedsystems,cross-dornainwarfarecapabilities, air,surfaceandundersealinesofcommunications,algorithmicwarfarenodes,space-basedassets cyber-electronicwarfaredeterrents,andmulti-domainbattlenetworksallinonemega,dispersed battlenetwork4. Unmannednavalsystemsareplannedtocarryoutsurfaceandanti-submarinewarfare,navalair defense,andcovertsurveillanceandreconnaissancemissions,Theycanalsoactassensornodesforlargefleetsandtaskforces.Thankstotheiradvancedalgorithmsandautonomousfeatures, roboticwarshipscanoperatesmartly,andadjusttoarapidlychangingbattlefieldwithvaryinglevels ofindividual/swarmingautonomy5., SrentGSsdler,ToDeterChina,theU.S.N.gwymustBuildaCoenectedFleetatFasteePace,HeritsgeFoundstige,2022.p. nterest,Angust31,2022 3 edam ForignPaicy&Sacurty2022/12/EK Unmannedvesselis/unmannedsurfacevehicles(UVs/USVs)canbeequippedwithvarioussensors, weapons,andotherpayloads.Theycanbedesignedtooperateremotely,semi-autonomously,or evenfulyautonomouslywithemergingAl-reiatedtechnologies,suchasneuralnetworksandrmachine learning.Theyaregenerallylessexpensivetooperatecomparedtotraditionalmannedplatforms, astheydonotneedtoincorporatethespacesorthesupportequipmentrequir