Guide to PAS 2050：How to assess the carbon footp rint of goods and services

GuidetoPAS2050 Howtoassessthecarbonfootprintofgoodsandservices CARBON TRUST defra BSi BritishStandards GuidetoPAS2050 Howtoassessthe carbonfootprintof goodsandservices CARBON defraBSi TRUSTBritishStandards Acknowledgements Acknowledgementisgivenftothefollowingorganizofionswhoossistedinthedevelopmentofthisguide. CorbonTrust Defra BSIBritishStondordsPEInternationol FoodondDrinkFederofion MonchesterBusinessSchool EuGeosLtdADASUKLtd FirstpublishedintheUKin2008 by BSI 389ChiswickHighRoad LondonW44AL @Crown2008andCarbonTrust2008 Youmoyre-usethispublication(notincludinganydepartmentalorogencylogos)freeofchorgeinonyformotforresearch,privatestudyorinternolcirculofionwithinanorganisofion.Youmustre-useitαccuratelyandnotuseitinamisleodingcontext.ThemateriolmustbeocknowledgedasCrown copyrightandoscopyrightmaterioloftheCorbonTrust,andyoumustgivethetitleofthesource pulblicotion. Wherewehaveidentifiedanythirdportycopyrightmoteriolyouwillneedtoobtainpermissionfromthecopyrightholdersconcerned. ForonyotheruseofthismoteriolpleoseopplyforaClick-UsePSILicenceorbywritingto: OfficeofPublicSectorInformofionInformationPolicyTeom Kew Richmond Surrey TW94DU e-moil:licensing@opsi.gov.uk TypesetbyHelius,BrightonandRochester,UK. PrintedinGreotBritoinbyTheCharlesworthGroup,Wokefield,WestYorkshire,UK BritishLibroryCafologuinginPublicotionData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisovoiloblefromtheBrishLibrory ISBN978-0-580-64636-2 Contents Introduction SectionI:Start-up5 Settingobjectives. Choosingproducts6 Engagingsuppliers 9 SectionIl:Calculatingproductcarbonfootprints Step1:Buildingaprocessmap10 Step2:Checkingboundariesandprioritisation12 Step3:Collectingdata15 Step4:Calculatingthefootprint20 Step5:Checkinguncertainty(optional)34 SectionIlI:Nextsteps37 Validatingresults37 Reducingemissions37 Communicatingthefootprintandclaimingreductions39 AppendixI:PAS2050applicationacrossdifferentproducttypes41 AppendixIl:Servicesexamples43 AppendixIl:Productcarbonfootprintingcalculationworkedexample47 AppendixIV:Uncertaintyanalysis55 Glossary57 GuidetoPAS2050 Introduction Climatechangeandproductcarbontootprints Measuringthecorbonfootprintofproductsocross theirfulllifecycleisopowerfulwayforcompaniesto collecttheinformationtheyneedto: Corbonfootprint’isatermusedtodescribetheReduceGHGemissions amountofgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionscousedl byoporficularoctivityorenfity,andthusowoyfor organisotionsandindividuolsfoossesstheir Identifycostsovingsopportunities Incorporoteemissionsimpactintodecisionmaking contribufiontoclimatechange.Understandingthese onsuppliers,moterials,productdesign, emissions,ondwheretheycometrom,isnecessaryin manufocturingprocesses,etc. ordertoreducethem.Inthepost,componieswontingDemonstrateenvironmentol/corporateresponsibility tomeasuretheircarbonfootprintshovefocusedonleodership theirownemissions,butnowtheyoreincreasingly Meetcustomerdemandsforinformofiononproduct concernedwithemissionsacrosstheirenfiresupplycarbonfootprints choin. Differentioteandmeetdemondsfrom'green' consumers SupplychoinGHGemissions,whichincludethosB ossociatedwithprocessesnotcontrolledbythecompanyitself,canbemeasuredoteitherthe companylevelorthelevelofanindividuolproduct. Therearebenefitstobothcompony-andprodluct- levelsupplychoinemissionsassessment;however,PAS2050andthisguidefocusonproduct-level emissionsonly. Thisguideuses'product'torefertobothphysicolproducts(i.e.goods)andserviceproducts(i.e services)throughout;anydifferencesrelatedtoservicesarehighlightedinthetext.AppendixII describestwoexamplesofservicecarbonfootprint assessments. 2 Introduction ThisguideexplainshowtoassessGHGemissionsofForcustomers(ifcompanieschoosefo anindividualproduct,eitherogoodoroservice,communicotetheirproductfootprints),itprovides: acrossitsentirelifecyclefromrowmoterials ConfidencethotthelifecycleGHGemissions throughallstagesofproduction(orserviceprovision), beingreportedforproductsarebasedono distribution,useanddisposol/recyclinginoccordoncewiththemethodspecifiedintheBSI PubliclyAvailableSpecification2050:2008,or PAS2050'. standardised,robustmethod Greoterunderstandingofhowtheirpurchasing decisionsimpoctGHGemissions PAS2050background Theterm'productcarbonfootprint'referstothe GHGemissionsofaproductacrossitslifecycle,fromrawmaterialsthroughproduction(orservice PAS2050isαpubliclyovoilablespecificotionforprovision),distribution,consumeruseanddisposal/ assessingproductlifecycleGHGemissions,preparedrecycling.Itincludesthegreenhousegasescorbon byBSIBritishStondordsondco-sponsoredbythedioxide[CO,),methane(CH,)andnitrousoxide CarbonTrustandtheDeparlmentforEnvironment, (N,O),togetherwithfamiliesofgasesincluding FoodandRuralAffairs(Defro).PAS2050isan hydrofluorocarbons(HFCs)andperfluorocarbons (PFCs),=I independentstandard,developedwithsignificontinput frominternotionalstakeholdersandexpertsacross acodemia,business,governmentandnon-govermmental organisofions(NGOs)throughtwoformolconsultations andmultipletechnicalworkinggroups,Theassessmentmethodhasbeentestedlwithcompaniesacrossa Guideobjectives,sc