2025年宁波市施工图设计常见问题及质量通病
宁波市勘察设计协会 2026年3月 目录 1.1政策性···················································································011.2场地设计················································································031.3消防设计················································································051.4民用建筑················································································101.5工业建筑················································································161.6地下工程················································································161.7建筑幕墙、建筑安全防护···························································181.8建筑装修及建筑材料·································································20 二、结构专业·····················································································23 2.1计算模型················································································232.2结构设计总说明·······································································232.3地基基础部分··········································································242.4地下室部分·············································································252.5上部结构················································································262.6钢结构···················································································272.7幕墙、加固、装修及其他···························································28 三、给排水专业··················································································29 3.1给水与热水·············································································293.2排水······················································································293.3消防······················································································293.4人防······················································································303.5绿建与海绵·············································································303.6城市给排水·············································································303.7住宅项目················································································31 7.1道路专业················································································397.2排水专业················································································417.3桥梁专业················································································42 一、建筑专业 1.1政策性 1.1.1《浙江省国土空间规划条例》自2025年1月1日起施行。规划报批文件、建筑施工图与建设工程设计方案及其标明的技术经济指标和平面布局、功能布局应一致（《浙江省国土空间规划条例》第五十六条、第七十三条）。施工图审查机构应当对建筑施工图落实方案及指标、布局等情况实施审查，总平面图、总设计说明、消防设计文件（含消防设计详表等）、人防设计文件（含人防设计详表等）、绿建星级等技术经济指标应一致。设计单位应根据《浙江省房屋建筑和市政基础设施工程施工图设计文件审查技术指南》（2025年修订版）第2.2.6条提供附表2.1。 1.1.2项目负责人应为注册建筑师或注册结构工程师，建筑专业负责人应为注册建筑师。二级注册建筑师的执业范围只限于承担工程设计资质标准中建设项目设计规模划分表中规定的“小型”规模的项目。 1.1.3消防设计资料应提供消防设计专篇，项目材料中单体消防设计详表内容应与总图、设计说明、消防验收资料等一致。消防设计文件应含设计单位法定代表人、技术总负责人、项目总负责人的姓名及其签字或授权盖章。以及设计单位资质、设计人员的姓名及其专业技术能力信息（《建设工程消防设计审查验收工作细则》[2024]3号，第七条）。 1.1.4按照浙人防办[2022]27号文及浙人防办[2023]5号文修改内容，落实人防主管部门提供的人防配建要求（新建防空地下室战时功能和防护等级确定表），项目材料中应提供主管部门出具的人防设置要求，提供设计人防工程详表、人防工程平战功能转换技术设计方案等并与总图、设计说明、人防验收资料等一致。2025年8月23日后获得建设用地规划许可证的建筑工程项目按国人防建[2025]4号，国家人民防空办公室《关于发布行业标准〈人民防空防护设备（防护门类）通用技术标准〉的通知》进行人民防空相关设计、监理和验收。 1.1.5应根据宁波市绿色建筑专项规划（2022—2030年），确定绿建星级。节能设计、节能评估、绿建设计、绿建自评、绿建评估等资料应完整统一。应复核落实施工图复核确认表内容。应提供《建筑运行阶段碳排放计算分析报告书》（《建筑节能与可再生能源 利用通用规范》GB55015-2021第2.0.3条及条文解释）、《建筑节能措施及可再生能源系统运营管理的技术要求》（《建筑节能与可再生能源利用通用规范》GB55015-2021第2.0.5条及条文解释）。涉及工业用地（工业用地上的民用建筑）、仓储物流用地，应根据属地绿建规划，确定绿建星级并落实绿建资料及相应绿建措施。 1.1.6既有建筑改造工程应执行《宁波市既有建筑改造施工图设计及审查技术要点》。建设单位应提供“既有建筑改造工程设计技术复核表”，并需加盖建筑、结构专业负责人注册章、相关单位公章、复核设计单位出图章（《宁波市既有建筑改造施工图设计及审查技术要点》附录B）。建筑改造图纸应有注册建筑师签章，应出具原主体报审号或新的立项批文或产权证、其他权属证明、验收合格证明等，联审系统实施之前的项目尚应补充原始竣工图纸。对档案馆出具查无相关竣工图证明的项目，由不低于项目规模相应设计资质的设计单位出具现状图；若涉及结构加固改造应按本要点第四章4.2.2条要求提供结构现状图；若涉及消防设施改造应提供消防设施布置图、系统图等现状图（《宁波市既有建筑改造施工图设计及审查技术要点》第6.1.1条第2款）。 1.1.7既有建筑改造涉及公共建筑的外围护结构、用能设备及系统等方面的节能改造时应出具节能诊断报告。涉及政府投资的既有公共建筑及超过现行能耗限额标准的其他既有公共建筑的节能改造，应根据节能诊断报告的节能改造意见落实改造技术措施，并提供节能设计专篇。节能设计专篇中应明确节能改造部位、建筑屋顶增建分布式太阳能光伏发电系统情况，并根据国家、行业及地方现行有关既有公共建筑改造技术标准明确采用适宜的节能技术措施。（《宁波市既有建筑改造施工图设计及审查技术要点》5.3.2）工程设计变更时，建筑节能性能不得降低。市区机关办公楼改造后，应达到《既有建筑绿色改造评价标准》（GB/T51141-2015）二星级标准。 1.1.8根据甬建发[2021]99号文第四节要求，在设计说明中补充工程周边环境专篇章节。明确周边是否存在高压走廊、高架道路、轨道交通、地下管线、边坡河流等对工程项目不利的周边环境。 1.1.9根据甬建发[2024]6号关于印发《宁波市高质量推动城乡建设绿色发展实施方案》的通知第三（二）条要求：全市政府和国有企业投资新建层数低于3层（含）或建筑高度低于12米（含）的公共建筑应当采用近零能耗建筑标准建设。浙江自贸区宁波片区、历史文化街区（名镇）、大运河（宁波段）保护区、风景名胜区内新建层数低于6层（含）或建筑高度低于24米（含）的政府和国有企业投资的公共建筑应当采用 超低能耗建筑标准建设。 1.1.10根据宁波市人民政府令第272号文件《宁波市母婴设施建设与管理办法》第五条规定的场所，落实浙卫办[2021]21号文件、《母婴室建设与管理规范》（DB33/T2294-2020）的要求。 1.1.11根据甬建发[2018]114号文件，民用建筑外墙砌筑类外墙基层厚度不应小于240，住宅建筑外墙不推荐使用蒸压加气混凝土砌块。外墙保温系统构造做法，包括粘结面积、锚固要求、分隔缝、构造线条、托架设置等、热工参数及材料燃烧性能等级、防火隔离带和防护层等措施应符合相关标准规范规定。对未按上述标准要求进行设计的，应组织省级及以上专家进行安全性和可行性论证。同时对连接方式、连接点等重点部位的设计要综合考虑各类受力情况，明确细部构造和技术要求，并出具施工图设计文件，不得简单照搬标准和图集（浙建管发[2023]4号文）。 1.1.12既有建筑装修改造，工程概况中应明确标注原房建主体的准确信息。应复核落实是否属于消防特殊类项目（按照住建部58号令《建设工程消防设计审查验收管理暂行规定》第十四条确定），是否属于其他建设工程（重点工程）（《浙江省建设工程消防设计审查验收实施细则》（浙建[2024]13号）第十六条）。 1.1.13根据《浙江省生活垃圾管理条例》第十五条：新建、改建、扩建住宅小区、公共建筑、公共场所等建设项目，应当按照国家
