分布式可再生能源在马拉维的农业应用

Decentralised renewableenergy for agriculture inMalawi © IRENA 2025 Unless otherwise stated, material in this publication may be freely used, shared, copied, reproduced, printed and/or stored, provided thatappropriate acknowledgement is given of IRENA as the source and copyright holder. Material in this publication that is attributed to thirdparties may be subject to separate terms of use and restrictions, and appropriate permissions from these third parties may need to besecured before any use of such material. ISBN:978-92-9260-653-4 Citation:IRENA (2025),Decentralised renewable energy for agriculture in Malawi, International Renewable Energy Agency, Abu Dhabi. About IRENA The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) is an intergovernmental organisation that supports countries intheir transition to a sustainable energy future, and serves as the principal platform for international co-operation, a centreof excellence, and a repository of policy, technology, resource and financial knowledge on renewable energy. IRENApromotes the widespread adoption and sustainable use of all forms of renewable energy, including bioenergy, geothermal,hydropower, ocean, solar and wind energy in the pursuit of sustainable development, energy access, energy security andlow-carbon economic growth and prosperity. www.irena.org Acknowledgements This report was developed under the guidance of Gürbüz Gönül (Director, IRENA Country Engagement and Partnerships)and Kavita Rai (IRENA), and was authored by Wilson Matekenya (IRENA) and Tione Kaonga (consultant). The report benefited from reviews and comments by Babucarr Bittaye, Ntsebo Sephelane, Kamran Siddiqui and PaulKomor (IRENA), and Stephanie Pinnington (consultant). The report also benefited from reviews by Christone Nyondo(MwAPATA Institute [Malawi]), Collen Zalengera (Global Energy Alliance for People and Planet [GEAPP] Malawi), GiftChiwayula (Ministry of Energy [Malawi]) and Brave Mhonie (Renewable Energy Industry Association of Malawi [REIAMA]). Publications and editorial support were provided by Francis Field and Stephanie Clarke. The report was edited by JustinFrench-Brooks, with design by Elkanodata. This report was made possible by the voluntary contributions of the Government of the United Arab Emirates and the OpenSociety Foundations. For further information or to provide feedback, go to:publications@irena.org Download fromwww.irena.org/publications Disclaimer This publication and the material herein are provided “as is”. All reasonable precautions have been taken by IRENA to verify the reliability ofthe material in this publication. However, neither IRENA nor any of its officials, agents, data or other third-party content providers provides awarranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, and they accept no responsibility or liability for any consequence of use of the publicationor material herein. The information contained herein does not necessarily represent the views of all Members of IRENA. The mention of specific companies orcertain projects or products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by IRENA in preference to others of a similar naturethat are not mentioned. The designations employed and the presentation of material herein do not imply the expression of any opinion onthe part of IRENA concerning the legal status of any region, country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitationof frontiers or boundaries. Contents 1.1.Background91.2.Climate change, mitigation and adaptation111.3.Policy and regulatory frameworks11 2.Methodology13 2.1.Desktop review132.2.Stakeholder consultations132.3.Value chain selection142.4.Data collection and analysis152.5.Data synthesis and validation16 Mapping energy needs with a value chain approach17 3.1.Key stages in agricultural value chains173.2.Targeted DRE entry points to catalyse integration173.3.Olericulture value chain analysis183.4.Dairy value chain analysis193.5.Rice value chain analysis203.6.Legume value chain analysis213.7.Aquaculture value chain analysis22 4.Mapping energy needs value chain approach25 4.1.Introduction254.2.Methodology254.3.DRE market potential in the olericulture value chain254.4.DRE market potential in the dairy value chain264.5.DRE market potential in the rice value chain274.6.DRE market potential in the legume value chain284.7.DRE market potential in the aquaculture value chain28 5.Recommendations30 Tables Table 1Mapping of selected value chains15Table 2Summary of the priority DRE technologies and price range18Table 3Estimated market potential – olericulture value chain26Table 4Estimated market potential – diary value chain27Table 5Estimated market potential – rice value chain28Table 6Estimated market potential – legumes value chain28Table 7Estimated market potential – aquaculture value chain29Table 8Summary of market potential29 Figures Figure 1Malawi energy supply mix10Figure 2Malawi energy demand mix10Figure 3The r