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经合组织公共治理审查：乌兹别克斯坦（英)

2024-11-04-经合组织M***

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OECD Public Governance Reviews: Uzbekistan

Overview

In recent years, Uzbekistan has undertaken a wide range of policy reforms aimed at enhancing living standards through increased foreign trade and investment, raising productivity, improving economic resilience, and addressing poverty and climate change. These reforms have garnered significant attention from regional neighbors, international partners, and investors.

Key Challenges and Objectives

The reforms are particularly challenging because they involve transforming institutions and reshaping the state's role in economic and social life. The ultimate goal is to "build a just and modern state that serves the people," as outlined in the "Uzbekistan 2030" Strategy. Success in these reforms hinges on the quality of public governance.

Core Areas of Focus

The review emphasizes several key areas:

Public Administration: Enhancing the mandates, competencies, and capabilities of core state institutions to better deliver on the Uzbekistan 2030 agenda.
Gender Equality: Promoting and mainstreaming gender equality in policymaking.
Integrity: Strengthening the integrity of the public administration.
Regulatory Policy: Making regulatory policymaking more transparent, inclusive, and evidence-based.

Cross-Cutting Themes

A critical theme emerging from the review is the need for reform to be a collaborative effort involving not just the state but also citizens, firms, and other actors. The review underscores the importance of a human-centered public administration and inclusive policymaking, including increased citizen engagement, transparency, and accountability.

Conclusion

Building a more inclusive and prosperous future for Uzbekistan is a whole-of-society task. The OECD and Germany are committed to continuing their support for these efforts.

OECDPublicGovernanceReviews Uzbekistan TOWARDSAMOREMODERN,EFFECTIVEANDSTRATEGICPUBLICADMINISTRATION OECDPublicGovernanceReviews:Uzbekistan TOWARDSAMOREMODERN,EFFECTIVEANDSTRATEGICPUBLICADMINISTRATION Thisdocument,aswellasanydataandmapincludedherein,arewithoutprejudicetothestatusoforsovereigntyoveranyterritory,tothedelimitationofinternationalfrontiersandboundariesandtothenameofanyterritory,cityorarea. ThestatisticaldataforIsraelaresuppliedbyandundertheresponsibilityoftherelevantIsraeliauthorities.TheuseofsuchdatabytheOECDiswithoutprejudicetothestatusoftheGolanHeights,EastJerusalemandIsraelisettlementsintheWestBankunderthetermsofinternationallaw. NotebytheRepublicofTürkiye Theinformationinthisdocumentwithreferenceto“Cyprus”relatestothesouthernpartoftheIsland.ThereisnosingleauthorityrepresentingbothTurkishandGreekCypriotpeopleontheIsland.TürkiyerecognisestheTurkishRepublicofNorthernCyprus(TRNC).UntilalastingandequitablesolutionisfoundwithinthecontextoftheUnitedNations,Türkiyeshallpreserveitspositionconcerningthe“Cyprusissue”. NotebyalltheEuropeanUnionMemberStatesoftheOECDandtheEuropeanUnion TheRepublicofCyprusisrecognisedbyallmembersoftheUnitedNationswiththeexceptionofTürkiye.TheinformationinthisdocumentrelatestotheareaundertheeffectivecontroloftheGovernmentoftheRepublicofCyprus. Pleasecitethispublicationas: OECD(2024),OECDPublicGovernanceReviews:Uzbekistan:TowardsaMoreModern,EffectiveandStrategicPublicAdministration,OECDPublicGovernanceReviews,OECDPublishing,Paris,https://doi.org/10.1787/2f36d8ec-en. ISBN978-92-64-88734-3(print) ISBN978-92-64-53528-2(PDF) ISBN978-92-64-28861-4(HTML) ISBN978-92-64-53945-7(epub) OECDPublicGovernanceReviewsISSN2219-0406(print) ISSN2219-0414(online) Photocredits:Cover©MehmetO/Shutterstock.com,modifiedbyCiaraMuller. CorrigendatoOECDpublicationsmaybefoundat:https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html. ©OECD2024 Attribution4.0International(CCBY4.0) ThisworkismadeavailableundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution4.0Internationallicence.Byusingthiswork,youaccepttobeboundbythetermsofthislicence(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Attribution–youmustcitethework. Translations–youmustcitetheoriginalwork,identifychangestotheoriginalandaddthefollowingtext:Intheeventofanydiscrepancybetweentheoriginalworkandthetranslation,onlythetextoforiginalworkshouldbeconsideredvalid. Adaptations–youmustcitetheoriginalworkandaddthefollowingtext:ThisisanadaptationofanoriginalworkbytheOECD.TheopinionsexpressedandargumentsemployedinthisadaptationshouldnotbereportedasrepresentingtheofficialviewsoftheOECDorofitsMembercountries. Third-partymaterial–thelicencedoesnotapplytothird-partymaterialinthework.Ifusingsuchmaterial,youareresponsibleforobtainingpermissionfromthethirdpartyandforanyclaimsofinfringement. YoumustnotusetheOECDlogo,visualidentityorcoverimagewithoutexpresspermissionorsuggesttheOECDendorsesyouruseofthework. AnydisputearisingunderthislicenceshallbesettledbyarbitrationinaccordancewiththePermanentCourtofArbitration(PCA)ArbitrationRules2012.TheseatofarbitrationshallbeParis(France).Thenumberofarbitratorsshallbeone. Preface Inrecentyears,Uzbekistanhascarriedoutawiderangeofpolicyreformstoenhancelivingstandardsbyopeninguptoforeigntradeandinvestment,raisingproductivity,increasingtheresilienceoftheeconomytoshocks,andaddressingpovertyandclimatechange.ThisreformprocesshasattractedwidespreadattentionfromUzbekistan’sneighbours,internationalpartnersandinvestors. Thesuccessfulliberalisationofforeignexchange,priceliberalisationandexternalopeninghaveallhelpedreducethescopeofstateinterventionineconomicprocesses.Farmoredifficultarereformstochangeinstitutionsandreshape,ratherthanreduce,thestate’sroleineconomicandsociallife.Yetpoliciesthatrequirewell-developedanalytical,regulatoryandadministrativecapacitiesandthatentailprofoundtransformationsincreasinglydominateUzbekistan’sreformagenda,withtheobjectiveof“buildingajustandmodernstatethatservesthepeople,”asstatedintheauthorities’“Uzbekistan2030”Strategy. Theirsuccesswilldependonthequalityofpublicgovernance.ThisOECDPublicGovernanceReviewofUzbekistan,madepossiblebythegenerousfinancialsupportofGermany,thuscomesatacriticaljuncture.Efficient,effective,accountableandtransparentpublicgovernancecanbringgreaterlegitimacyandcommitmenttothegovernment’sbroadereconomicandpoliticalreformagendas,aswellasimprovethequalityofpolicyandpublicservicedesignandimplementation.Governancereformsthuscreatethefoundationsforreformsinmosteconomicandsocialpolicydomains. Thereviewbeginsandends,asonemightexpect,withthepublicadministrationitself:withthemandates,competencesandcapabilitiesofcorestateinstitutionsandtheircapacitytodeliverontheUzbekistan2030agenda,andwiththepreparation,selection,motivationandmanagementofamoreefficient,trustworthyandresponsivecivilservice.However,italsoaddressesseveralmorespecificchallenges:promotingandmainstreaminggenderequalityinpolicymaking;strengtheningtheintegrityofthepublicadministration;andmakingregulatorypolicymakingmoretransparent,inclusiveandev

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