[世界银行]：欧洲和中亚：经济趋稳但增长乏力

The report focuses on enhancing education in Europe and Central Asia (ECA) to foster stronger economic growth. It highlights several key areas:

High Enrollment and Attainment: Most countries in the region have high levels of educational enrollment and attainment.
Declining Quality: The quality of primary and secondary education has been declining.
Higher Education: Despite lower quality, there is strong demand for talent, leading to higher returns on education.
Talent Flourishing: Efforts are needed to make the talent in ECA more productive.

The report covers recent economic trends in the region, including:

The report discusses various economic policies:

The outlook section provides insights into future trends:

Key educational trends highlighted in the report include:

Primary and Secondary Education: Declining quality, with lower math scores in recent years.
Vocational Education: High enrollment in vocational education, often among students from lower socio-economic backgrounds.
Higher Education: Lower quality compared to basic education, linked to poorer cognitive skill proficiency among adults.

The references section includes detailed citations for the sources used in the report.

The report includes several boxes and figures to provide additional context:

Box 1.1: Global growth: Resilient but modest.
Box 2.1: Improving access to early childhood education in Uzbekistan.
Box 2.2: Is vocational education and training in Europe and Central Asia helping graduates?
Box 2.3: Understanding the brain drain from Europe and Central Asia.
Box 2.4: How do higher education systems around the world support research, entrepreneurship, and innovation?
Box 2.5: Consolidating tertiary institutions to improve quality, reduce expenses, and adjust to demographic changes.
Box 2.6: The potential role of higher education institutions in re-skilling older workers.

Several tables and figures provide detailed data:

Table 1.1: Summary of economic growth in different subregions of ECA, 2021-2026.
Figure 1.1: Recent developments: GDP growth, 2022-2024.
Figure 2.1: Enrollment in vocational education among upper-secondary students.
Figure 2.2: Tertiary gross graduation rates in ECA.
Figure 2.3: Population under 20 years of age in ECA by 2050.
Figure 2.4: PISA math scores in ECA.
Table 2.1: Number of universities in the top 500 of the Times Higher Education ranking, by region and country.
Table 2.2: Returns to higher education in ECA, by country, 2016 and 2022.