Cost and Performance of Carbon Dioxide Capture from Power Generation
Introduction
This working paper, authored by Matthias Finkenrath of the International Energy Agency (IEA), examines the cost and performance of carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture technologies from power generation. The study covers various CO₂ capture processes, including post-combustion, pre-combustion, oxy-combustion, and post-combustion using ammonia.
Scope of Analysis
The analysis focuses on the following key areas:
- Post-combustion capture from coal-fired power generation using amines
- Pre-combustion capture from integrated gasification combined cycles
- Oxy-combustion capture from coal-fired power generation
- Post-combustion capture from natural gas-fired power generation
Data Selection and Methodology
- Data Selection: The study uses data from multiple sources, including different organizations, to ensure a comprehensive analysis.
- Methodology: The cost of generating electricity is calculated, and cost and performance data are converted and calibrated for consistency.
Cost of Generating Electricity Calculation
The cost of generating electricity is determined based on various factors such as fuel prices, capital costs, and operational expenses.
Conversion and Calibration of Data
- Cost Data: Costs are converted and calibrated to ensure comparability across different studies.
- Performance Data: Performance metrics are adjusted to align with standardized methodologies.
Boundary Conditions and Assumptions
Key assumptions include:
- Fuel Prices: Assumed to vary within a certain range.
- Technology Efficiency: Different efficiencies are assumed for various capture processes.
- Capital Costs: Varying capital costs are considered for different technologies.
Cost and Performance Results
The main findings are summarized as follows:
- Post-combustion capture from coal-fired power generation using amines: Significant cost and performance improvements are observed.
- Pre-combustion capture from integrated gasification combined cycles: High initial capital costs but lower operating expenses.
- Oxy-combustion capture from coal-fired power generation: High initial costs but potential for significant performance gains.
- Post-combustion capture from natural gas-fired power generation: Lower overall costs compared to coal-fired plants.
Future Cost and Performance Potential
The study highlights potential future cost reductions and performance improvements for various CO₂ capture technologies.
Uncertainty and Sensitivity
The results are sensitive to variations in key assumptions, particularly fuel prices and technology efficiencies.
Conclusions and Recommendations
The paper concludes with recommendations for policymakers and industry stakeholders to enhance the adoption and effectiveness of CO₂ capture technologies.
References
A comprehensive list of references is provided for further reading.
Figures and Tables
- Figures: Illustrate the impact of CO₂ capture technologies on power generation.
- Tables: Provide detailed cost and performance data for different scenarios.
Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Units of Measure
A list of acronyms, abbreviations, and units of measure is included for clarity.
Acknowledgements
The author thanks several individuals for their contributions and feedback, including John Davison, Mike Haines, John Kessels, Christopher Short, Clas Ekström, John Chamberlain, Trygve Utheim Riis, and Aage S.
