[IEA]：Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Switzerland 2012 Review

Executive Summary: Switzerland has set ambitious goals to phase out nuclear power and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 through domestic measures alone. However, meeting these targets will require strong policies promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy.
Key Recommendations:
- Electricity Market Reform: Move to a fully open market by 2015 to enhance competition and efficiency.
- Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy: Implement stronger measures to reduce emissions from transport and space heating.
- Carbon Pricing: Use a CO2 tax for financing decarbonization efforts in space heating.
- Infrastructure Development: Continue to develop electricity infrastructure with a European approach.

Country Overview: Switzerland aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20% by 2020 and plans to phase out nuclear power. The country is making progress in electricity market reform but needs stronger measures to address energy efficiency and renewable energy.
Supply and Demand: Energy-related CO2 emissions mainly come from oil use in transport and space heating. The country needs to focus on these areas to meet its emission reduction targets.
Institutions: The regulatory framework includes end-user pricing, which subsidizes electricity consumption despite increasing costs of low-carbon power supply.
Key Policies: Policies focus on reducing emissions from transport and space heating, promoting energy efficiency, and developing renewable energy sources.
Critique: The current regulatory framework is insufficient to meet the ambitious targets set by the government.
Recommendations: Strengthen policies to promote energy efficiency and renewable energy, consider a fully open market by 2015, and re-evaluate the system of regulated end-user prices.

Climate Change Overview: Switzerland aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20% by 2020. Emissions mainly come from oil use in transport and space heating.
CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion: Focus on reducing emissions from these sectors.
Climate Change Policies and Measures: Policies aim to reduce emissions from transport and space heating, promote energy efficiency, and develop renewable energy sources.
Energy Efficiency Overview: Efforts are needed to reduce energy demand in transport and space heating.
Energy Demand: Reducing energy demand in these sectors is crucial.
Energy Efficiency Policy and Institutional Framework: Current policies need strengthening to meet the targets.
Sectoral Policies and Measures: Targeted measures are needed to reduce emissions from transport and space heating.
Critique: Current policies are insufficient to meet the ambitious targets.
Recommendations: Strengthen policies to promote energy efficiency and renewable energy.

Oil: Supply and demand dynamics, infrastructure, market structure, prices, and taxes are key areas of focus.
Natural Gas: Supply and demand dynamics, legal framework, infrastructure, industry structure, prices, and taxes are important considerations.
Critique: Current frameworks need improvement to enhance security of supply and market efficiency.
Recommendations: Strengthen infrastructure development and regulatory frameworks to improve security of supply and market efficiency.

Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Switzerland 2012 Review