Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Japan 2016 Review

Japan's Energy Policies (IEA 2016 Review)

Overview

The International Energy Agency (IEA) was established in November 1974 to promote energy security among its member countries. Japan, as one of the 29 member countries, is part of this comprehensive programme of energy co-operation. Each member country is required to maintain oil stocks equivalent to 90 days of its net imports.

General Energy Policy

• Country Overview: Japan has a diverse energy mix, with significant reliance on imported fossil fuels.
• Supply and Demand: Japan faces challenges due to limited domestic resources, leading to high dependence on imported energy sources.
• Institutions: Various government agencies and private entities play crucial roles in shaping energy policies.
• Key Policies: Policies focus on enhancing energy efficiency, promoting renewable energy, and ensuring energy security.
• Assessment: The current policies are seen as effective in addressing energy security but need improvements in certain areas.
• Recommendations: Improvements in energy efficiency and diversification of energy sources are recommended.

Climate Change

• Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Japan has made efforts to reduce emissions but still faces challenges.
• Energy-Related CO2 Emissions: Significant reductions are needed to meet international targets.
• Institutions: The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) plays a key role in developing and implementing climate policies.
• Policies and Measures: Policies include carbon pricing, subsidies for renewable energy, and energy efficiency standards.
• Assessment: While progress has been made, more robust policies are needed to address climate change.
• Recommendations: Strengthening climate policies, increasing investment in renewable energy, and improving energy efficiency are suggested.

Energy Efficiency

• Final Energy Use: Japan has made strides in improving energy efficiency, but further actions are necessary.
• Institutions: The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) and the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy (ANRE) are key players.
• Policies and Measures: Policies include energy efficiency standards, building codes, and incentives for energy-efficient technologies.
• Assessment: Current policies have been effective, but there is room for improvement.
• Recommendations: Enhancing energy efficiency standards, expanding incentives, and promoting public awareness are recommended.

Sectoral Analysis

• Oil: Japan heavily relies on imported oil, with a strategy focused on diversifying energy sources.
• Coal: Coal use is declining, and policies aim to reduce its share in the energy mix.
• Natural Gas: Natural gas plays a growing role, with infrastructure and market reforms underway.

Overall, Japan's energy policies are robust but require further enhancements to achieve greater energy security and sustainability.