Georgia Energy Profile
Overview
Country Overview
- Location: Georgia is situated in the South Caucasus region, bordering the Black Sea, Russia, Turkey, Armenia, and Azerbaijan.
- Capital: Tbilisi
- Area: 69,700 square kilometers
- Population: 3.7 million
- Government: Unitary semi-presidential republic with a focus on liberalized economic policies.
- Economic Policies: Georgia has pursued westward-oriented policies, signing an association agreement with the European Union in 2014 and joining the Energy Community Treaty in 2017.
- Reforms: Economic reforms have included adopting laws on energy and water supply, energy efficiency, and renewable energy support.
Economic Growth
- Average Annual Growth: 3.6% (2017-2021)
- Impact of COVID-19: Growth was significantly hampered by the pandemic.
- GDP per Capita: Increased from USD 920 in 2003 to USD 5,015 in 2021.
Key Energy Data
- Total Energy Supply (TES): 4.94 Mtoe (2020)
- Natural Gas: 47.1%
- Oil and Oil Products: 26.6%
- Hydro: 14.4%
- Coal: 4.3%
- Bioenergy: 4.6%
- Other Renewables: 0.5%
- TES per Capita: 1.33 toe/cap (world average: 1.80 toe/cap)
- TES per Unit of GDP (PPP): 99 toe/2015 USD million (world average: 113 toe/USD million)
Energy Production
- Total Energy Production: 1.04 Mtoe (2020)
- Hydro: 68.0%
- Bioenergy: 21.8%
- Coal: 3.9%
- Oil: 3.0%
- Other Renewables: 2.5%
- Natural Gas: 0.7%
- Change Since 2010: -20.5%
Supply and Demand
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Energy Production: Covers about 21.1% of total energy demand (2020).
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Domestic Production: Primarily from hydro (0.709 Mtoe) and bioenergy (0.227 Mtoe).
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Fossil Fuels: Limited production (40.3 ktoe of lignite, 31.8 ktoe of crude oil, and 7.7 ktoe of natural gas in 2020).
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Imports:
- Natural Gas: 2.7 bcm (2020)
- Oil Products: 1.33 Mt (2020)
- Oil: Imported mainly as refined products (42.1% diesel and 40.4% gasoline).
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Final Energy Consumption: 4.49 Mtoe (2020)
- Natural Gas: 38.5%
- Oil Products: 29.3%
- Electricity: 22.0%
- Renewables: 5.5%
- Coal: 4.7%
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Electricity Generation:
- Hydro Resources: 80.5% (2021)
- Wind Power Plant: 83.4 GWh (2020)
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Sectoral Consumption:
- Residential Sector: 1.41 Mtoe (2020)
- Transport Sector: 1.34 Mtoe (2020)
Renewables
- Share in Electricity Mix: 81.1% (2021)
These data points highlight Georgia's diverse energy mix, significant reliance on hydroelectric power, and ongoing efforts to secure private investment and improve energy efficiency.
