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The State of Stalkerware in 2023–2024

信息技术2024-03-13卡巴斯基x***

AI智能总结

The 2023 State of Stalkerware report by Kaspersky highlights the findings and trends observed in the use of stalkerware in 2023. The report found that stalkerware is a growing problem, affecting a significant number of users globally. The report also found that Android and iOS devices are equally affected by stalkerware, and digital stalking and gender-based violence are also prevalent issues. The report was compiled by Emma Pickering, Head of Technology-Facilitated Abuse and Economic Empowerment Team at Refuge, and Erica Olsen, Senior Director, Safety Net Project, National Network to End Domestic Violence.

TheStateofStalkerware in2023 AKasperskyReport February2024 Contents 2023mainfindings��3 2023trendsobservedbyKaspersky��4Methodology��4Globaldetectionfigures:affectedusers��4Globalandregionaldetectionfigures:geographyofaffectedusers��5Globaldetectionfigures–stalkerwareapplications��8AreAndroidOSandiOSdevicesequallyaffectedbystalkerware?��8Digitalstalkingandgender-basedviolence��9EmmaPickering,HeadofTechnology-FacilitatedAbuseandEconomicEmpowermentTeamatRefuge��12EricaOlsen,SeniorDirector,SafetyNetProject,NationalNetworktoEndDomesticViolence(NNEDV)��13Combattingstalkerwaretogether��14Thinkyouareavictimofstalkerware?��16 2023mainfindings TheannualKasperskyStateofStalkerwarereportaimstocontributetoawarenessandabetterunderstandingofhowpeoplearoundtheworldare impactedbydigitalstalking.Stalkerwareiscommerciallyavailablesoftwarethatcanbediscreetlyinstalledonsmartphonedevices,enablingperpetratorstomonitoran individual’sprivatelifewithouttheirknowledge.Stalkerwarerequiresphysicalaccesstobeinstalled,butourreportalsonotestherangeofremotetechnologythatcanbeusedfornefariouspurposes. Easilydownloadedandinstalledbyanyonewithaninternetconnection,stalkerwaremakesaccesstoasmartphonepossiblefromanywhere.Notonlycanaperpetratorviolatetheirvictim’sprivacybymonitoringtheiractivities,theycanalsousethesoftwaretoaccesshugevolumesofpersonaldata.Dependingonthesoftwareused,everythingfromdevicelocation,textmessages,socialmediachats,photos,browserhistoryandmorecanbemonitored.Sincestalkerwareworksinthebackgroundunseen,themajorityofvictimswillbecompletelyunawarethattheireverystepandactionisbeingmonitored. Inmostcountriesaroundtheworld,useofstalkerwaresoftwareiscurrentlynotprohibited,butinstallingsuchanapplicationonanotherindividual’ssmartphonewithouttheirconsentisillegalandpunishable.However,itistheperpetratorwhowillbeheldresponsible,notthedeveloperoftheapplication. Alongwithotherrelatedtechnologies,stalkerwareisoneelementoftech-enabledabuseandisoftenusedinabusiverelationships.Asthisisadigitalaspectofawider,real-worldproblem,Kasperskyisworkingwithrelevantexpertsandorganizationsinthefieldofdomesticviolence,rangingfromvictimsupportservicesandperpetratorprogramsthroughtoresearchandgovernmentagencies,toshareknowledgeandsupportprofessionalsandvictimsalike. 2023datahighlights ໜIn2023,atotalof31,031uniqueuserswereaffectedbystalkerware,anincreasecomparedto2022(29,312). ໜTheKasperskySecurityNetworkrevealsthatstalkerwareismostcommonlyusedinRussia,Brazil,andIndia,andcontinuestobeaglobalissue,withthelargestnumberofaffectedusersinthefollowingcountries: ►Germany,France,andUnitedKingdom(Europe); ►Iran,Turkey,andYemen(MiddleEastandAfrica); ►India,Indonesia,andPhilippines(Asia-Pacific); ►Brazil,Mexico,andColombia(LatinAmerica); ►UnitedStates(NorthAmerica); ►RussianFederation,Belarus,andKazakhstan(EasternEurope(exceptEuropeanUnioncountries),RussiaandCentralAsia). ໜWorldwide,themostcommonlyusedstalkerwareappisTrackViewwith4,049affectedusers. ໜ23percentofpeopleworldwiderevealingtheyhaveencounteredsomeformofonlinestalkingfromsomeonetheywererecentlydating. ໜ40percentdisclosedtheyexperiencedstalkingorsuspectedtheywerebeingstalked. Stalkerware: Commerciallyavailablesoftwareusedforspying�Stalkerwareenablesapersontoremotelymonitortheactivitiesonanotheruser'sdevicewithout thatuser'sconsentandwithoutexplicit,persistentnotificationtothatuser� Stalking: “Apatternofbehaviordirectedataspecificpersonthatwouldcauseareasonablepersontofearfortheperson’ssafetyorthesafetyofothers;orsuffersubstantialemotionaldistress�Stalkersuseavarietyoftactics,including (butnotlimitedto):unwantedcontactincludingphonecalls,texts,andcontactviasocialmedia,unwantedgifts,showingup/approaching anindividualortheirfamily/friends,monitoring,surveillance,propertydamage,andthreats�” 2023trendsobservedbyKaspersky Methodology ThedatainthisreporthasbeentakenfromaggregatedthreatstatisticsobtainedfromtheKasperskySecurityNetwork,dedicatedtoprocessing cybersecurity-relateddatastreamsfrommillionsofanonymousvolunteerparticipantsaroundtheworld.Tocalculatethestatistics,theconsumerlineofKaspersky’smobilesecuritysolutionshasbeenreviewedaccordingtothe CoalitionAgainstStalkerware’sdetectioncriteriaonstalkerware.Thismeansthattheaffectednumberofusershavebeentargetedbystalkerwareonly.Othe

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